A search for systematic personality differentiae of the only child in young adulthood.
A search for systematic personality differentiae of the only child in young adulthood.
复制标题
寻找独生子女在成年初期的系统性人格差异。
DOI：
10.1080/00221325.1956.10532988
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发表时间：
1956
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Burke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Burke
独生子女在心理构成上与兄弟姐妹一起长大的孩子有某种“不同”的观念是一个古老而持久的观念。同过去一样，公众似乎比任何特定群体的成员更广泛地持有这一概念;在这种情况下，它的维持有多少来自民间传说和传统的源泉，有多少来自对行为的第一手观察，当然，这是不可能说的。在精神分析学家中，虽然独生子女的问题从未被广泛地单独提出来进行明确的讨论，但人们普遍认为，家庭结构是家庭内部动态的模式和强度的重要决定因素，因此也是性格的重要决定因素。独生子女家庭作为一种明显的异常家庭，应该为人格异常的发展提供更大的潜力，这只是进一步的推理。偶尔有一些分析家[例如，Flugel（lo），Fenichel（9）]倾向于或多或少明确地赞成独生子女在个性上与其他人不同的观点，他们似乎把自己的论点建立在这种先验思想的基础上。然而，至少有一位过去的分析师，即布里尔（2），声称有大量的第一手经验证据支持它，其他几位以分析为导向的人格研究者也提出了类似的主张[例如，泰勒（15），克拉克和卡帕雷尔（5）]。所有这些学生都指出了独生子女的一些“反常”--从消极的意义上说。
The notion that the only child is somehow “different” in psychological make-up from children who have been reared with siblings is an old and persistent one. As in the past, the notion seems to be more widely held by the public at large than by the members of any selected group; how much of its sustenance comes, in this instance, from the wellsprings of folklore and tradition and how much from first-hand observations of behavior it is, of course, impossible to say.Among the psychoanalysts, while the topic of the only child has never been extensively singled out for explicit discussion, it is generally accepted that family structure is a significant determinant of the pattern and intensity of the intra-familial dynamics and therefore of personality. It is but one step removed to reason that the only-child family constellation, being an apparently anomalous one, should offer greater potentiality for the development of personality anomaly. The occasional analysts [eg, Flugel (lo), Fenichel (9)] who have tended more or less explicitly to favor the notion that only children differ in personality from others, seem to have based their contentions on a priori thinking of this sort. However, at least one analyst of the past, viz. Brill (2), has claimed extensive first-hand empirical evidence in support of it, and several other analytically-oriented students of personality have made similar claims [eg, Taylor (15), Clark and Capparell (5)]. All of these students point to some “abnormality”-in the negative sense-of the only child.