A review of experimental drift turbulence studies
A review of experimental drift turbulence studies
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DOI：
10.1088/0741-3335/51/11/113001
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发表时间：
2009-11
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
G. Tynan;A. Fujisawa;G. McKee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Tynan;A. Fujisawa;G. McKee
综述了磁约束等离子体实验中漂移湍流和带状流的实验研究。讨论了开放场线实验和环形封闭磁通面实验中漂移波的起源、漂移湍流向漂移湍流的转变和漂移湍流与纬向流的相互作用，并研究了核心区、边缘区和刮离层等离子体区漂移湍流的自由能量来源、耗散机制和非线性动力学。给出了横跨这些区域的湍流相互关联以及湍流驱动的纬向流存在的证据，并总结了这些流动有助于调节湍流尺度长度、幅度和通量的证据。关于湍流输送事件的尺度，似乎存在相互矛盾的报道；湍流相关长度的陀螺-玻姆行为以及长距离输送现象的证据都存在。总结和比较了输运障碍物形成过程中和形成后湍流的变化。由湍流输运得到的湍流粒子和热通量通常与整体约束一致，边缘等离子体动量输运似乎与最后封闭磁通面和开场线区的等离子体流动有关。然而，观测到的输送和湍流之间的不一致有时也会被报道并在这里指出。对尚待解决的问题给予了特别关注，并对未来的实验研究提出了建议。
Experimental drift turbulence and zonal flow studies in magnetically confined plasma experiments are reviewed. The origins of drift waves, transition to drift turbulence and drift turbulence–zonal flow interactions in open field line and toroidal closed flux surface experiments are discussed and the free energy sources, dissipation mechanisms and nonlinear dynamics of drift turbulence in the core, edge and scrape-off layer plasma regions are examined. Evidence that turbulence across these regions is linked and that turbulence-driven zonal flows exist is presented, and evidence that these flows help regulate the turbulent scale lengths, amplitude and fluxes is summarized. Seemingly contradictory reports exist regarding the scale of turbulent transport events; gyro-Bohm behavior of turbulence correlation lengths as well as evidence for long-range transport phenomena both exist. Changes in turbulence during and after transport barrier formation are summarized and compared. The inferred turbulent particle and heat fluxes due to turbulent transport are usually consistent with global confinement, and edge plasma momentum transport appears to be linked to plasma flows at the last-closed flux surface and in the open field line region. However, inconsistencies between observed transport and turbulence have sometimes been reported and are pointed out here. Special attention is given to open issues, and suggestions for future experimental studies are given.