Environmental factors in obsessive-compulsive behavior: Evidence from discordant and concordant monozygotic twins
Environmental factors in obsessive-compulsive behavior: Evidence from discordant and concordant monozygotic twins
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DOI：
10.1007/s10519-007-9185-9
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Boomsma, Dorret I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cath, Danielle C.;van Grootheest, Daniel S.;Boomsma, Dorret I.
为了研究环境因素对强迫症（OC）症状的保护或加重作用，我们从荷兰成年双胞胎及其家庭成员的大型纵向样本中选择了25对强迫症症状不一致的同卵双胞胎（MZ）， 17对强迫症症状高一致的MZ双胞胎和34对强迫症症状低一致的MZ双胞胎，应用严格的强迫症症状学标准。收集了有关精神病理、家庭结构、健康、生活方式、出生并发症和生活事件的数据。独特的环境因素研究使用内不一致的MZ对比较，而间一致的MZ对比较用于研究一个MZ对的双胞胎共享的环境因素。与得分较低的双胞胎兄弟姐妹相比，得分较高的MZ组双胞胎报告了更多的生活事件（尤其是性虐待）。对间比较结果显示，不一致MZ对的出生体重低于一致MZ对。此外，和谐的高MZ夫妇及其配偶的教育水平低于其他两组。在焦虑抑郁、神经质和躯体抱怨的量表得分上，和谐高MZ对得分最高，而不和谐高MZ对得分居中，除了神经质，不和谐高MZ对的高MZ对得分与和谐高MZ对得分相等。自1991年起，一致性MZ对之间的心理量表得分明显不一致，自1997年起，不一致性MZ对之间的心理量表得分明显不一致，证实了先前关于早发性OC症状与较高遗传负荷相关的报道。父母OC症状和焦虑抑郁评分提示不和谐MZ组存在中等遗传负荷。总之，本研究报告了与OC症状相关的独特和共有的环境因素。这些因素是否在遗传倾向之外或与遗传倾向相互作用还有待于进一步的研究。
To investigate environmental factors that protect against or exacerbate obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, we selected 25 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant, 17 MZ twin pairs concordant high and 34 MZ pairs concordant low on OC symptoms from a large longitudinal Dutch sample of adult twin pairs and their family members, applying stringent criteria for OC symptomatology. Data were collected on psychopathology, family structure, health, lifestyle, birth complications and life events. Unique environmental factors were studied using within-discordant MZ pair comparisons, whereas between-concordant MZ pair comparisons were used to study environmental factors that are shared by the twins of an MZ pair. The high-scoring MZ twins of the discordant group reported more life events (especially sexual abuse) than their low-scoring twin-siblings. The between-pair comparisons showed lower birth weight in the discordant MZ pairs than in the concordant MZ pairs. Further, the concordant high MZ pairs as well as their spouses had a lower educational level than the two other groups. On scale scores of anxious-depression, neuroticism, and somatic complaints, concordant high MZ pairs showed highest scores, and the discordant MZ pairs scored intermediate, except for neuroticism, on which the high-scoring twins of discordant MZ pairs were equal to the concordant high pairs. Discordance on psychological scale scores between the concordant MZ pairs was evident from 1991 onward, and within the discordant MZ pairs from 1997 onward, confirming previous reports of an association of early-onset OC symptoms with higher genetic load. Parent scores of OC symptoms and anxious-depression suggested intermediate genetic load in the discordant MZ group. In conclusion, this study reports on both unique and shared environmental factors associated with OC symptomatology. Whether these factors operate in addition to or in interaction with genetic disposition is to be elucidated in future studies.