Ammonium contribution from boring bivalves to their coral host-a mutualistic symbiosis?
Ammonium contribution from boring bivalves to their coral host-a mutualistic symbiosis?
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无聊的双壳类对其珊瑚宿主的铵贡献——互利共生？
DOI：
10.3354/meps169295
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
B. Lazar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Mokady;Y. Loya;B. Lazar
在石珊瑚Astreopora myriophthalma中发现了一种密度很高的双壳类化石-石噬藻。这种生活在珊瑚的碳酸钙骨架中的无聊的双壳类动物，产生大量的氨作为含氮废物。在实验室实验中测定了双壳类的产氨速率和珊瑚（通过共生藻）的消耗速率。L.的种群密度。单壳类A.对以色列红海埃拉特自然保护区珊瑚进行了调查。在密度为0.22 ± 0.11cm ~ 2的珊瑚中，其氨生成速率在白天和夜间分别为8.2 ± 3.8和3.5 ± 1.6nmol（cm ~ 2珊瑚）·h ~（-1）。在低铵浓度（0.2至1.2 pM）的条件下，珊瑚的消耗速率在5和22 nmol cm-·h-·之间。因此，在自然存在的铵水平（<0.15 FM）下，由双壳类（铵）产生的含氮废物的再循环可能占珊瑚/虫黄藻的需求的显著部分。与普遍接受的钻孔双壳类作为珊瑚宿主的寄生虫的观点相反，假设L。slmplex和A.多眼症也可能是互利共生的一个例子。结果表明，在珊瑚礁环境中的氮的地球化学循环的可能途径。
The mytilid bivalve Lithophaga simplex is found to inhabit the scleractinian coral Astreopora myriophthalma in high densities. This boring bivalve, living inside the CaC03 skeleton of the coral, produces considerable amounts of ammonium as a nitrogenous waste product. Ammonium production rate by the bivalves and consumption rate by the coral (via the symbiotic algae) were measured in laboratory expenments. The population density of L. simplex bivalves In A. myri~phth~lrna corals was surveyed in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Red Sea, Israel. Ammonium production rate by the bivalves, inhabiting the coral at a density of 0.22 +_ 0.11 bivalves cm-', is calculated to be 8.2 i 3.8 and 3.5 1.6 nmol (cm2 coral)-' h-' during daytime and nighttime, respectively. Under conditions of low ammonium concentration (0.2 to 1.2 pM) the consumption rate of the coral ranged between 5 and 22 nmol cm-' h-' Thus, under naturally occurring levels of ammonium (<0.15 FM), recycling of nitrogenous waste produced by the bivalves (ammonium) may account for a significant portion of the needs of the coral/zooxanthellae. In contrast to the generally accepted view of boring bivalves as parasites of their coral hosts, it is hypothesized that the association between L. slmplex and A. myriophthalma may also be an example of mutualistic symbiosis. The results indicate a possible pathway in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in the coral reef environment.