Linking water quality with agricultural intensification in a rural watershed
Linking water quality with agricultural intensification in a rural watershed
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1005233005364
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发表时间：
2001-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hall, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berka, C;Schreier, H;Hall, K
在使用地理信息系统和养分预算技术的一个案例研究流域中，农业集约化与溪水污染有关。结果表明，化肥和有机肥的氮素盈余量平均为120 kg ha(-1)a-1。在流域部分地区，剩余施肥量超过300公斤公顷(-1)年。猪和鸡数量的持续增加(1986至1996年间增加了59%和165%)被认为是盈余的主要原因。水质受到两个方面的影响：在夏季，硝酸盐污染的地下水导致一条主要支流的硝酸盐含量较高；而在潮湿的冬季，整个排水系统的氨、磷和大肠菌群水平较高。过量施氮量与溶解氧呈显着负相关，而雨季氨氮和硝酸盐浓度与过剩施氮量呈显著正相关。土壤质地和排水类型也与水质指标显着相关，表明利用预算/地理信息系统相结合的技术进行农业非点源污染风险评估是可能的。
Agricultural intensification was linked to streamwater pollution in a case study watershed using GIS and nutrient budgeting techniques. The results showed that surplus nitrogen applications from fertilizers and manure averaged 120 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). In some parts of the watershed surplus applications exceeded 300 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). A consistent increase in pig and chicken numbers (59 and 165% increase between 1986 and 1996) is considered the main reason for the surplus. Water quality was impacted in two ways: nitrate contaminated groundwater contributed to high nitrates in a major tributary during the summer, while in the wet winter season ammonia, phosphate and coliform levels were high throughout the drainage system. Significant negative relationships were found between surplus nitrogen applications and dissolved oxygen while ammonia and nitrate concentrations during the wet season were positively correlated to surplus applications. Soil texture and drainage type were also significantly correlated with the water quality indicators suggesting that it is possible to use the budget/GIS linked techniques for pollution risk assessment from agricultural non-point sources.