Making quantitative morphological variation from basic developmental processes: Where are we? The case of the Drosophila wing.
Making quantitative morphological variation from basic developmental processes: Where are we? The case of the Drosophila wing.
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DOI：
10.1002/dvdy.24255
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Houle D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matamoro-Vidal A;Salazar-Ciudad I;Houle D
进化发育生物学的目标之一是发现形态变异的发育起源。该学科主要集中在定性形态差异（例如，结构的存在或不存在）之间的关系。研究微妙的，定量的变化是不太常见的。果蝇翅膀是研究发育和进化的模型，使其适合研究自然界中观察到的微妙数量形态变异背后的发育机制。以前的评论集中在翅膀分化，图案和生长的过程中。在这里，我们调查什么是已知的机翼如何达到其最终形状，以及在发展中的变化是能够产生的变化，在自然界中观察到的机翼形状。需要考虑三个主要的发育阶段：幼虫发育、蛹化和蛹发育。决定组织大小和形状的主要细胞过程是细胞增殖、细胞死亡、定向细胞分裂和定向细胞嵌入。我们回顾了生长和转录因子的时空分布变化如何影响这些细胞机制，从而影响翅膀的形状。然后，我们讨论了根据这些机制可以预测翅膀形态变化的哪些方面。
One of the aims of evolutionary developmental biology is to discover the developmental origins of morphological variation. The discipline has mainly focused on qualitative morphological differences (e.g., presence or absence of a structure) between species. Studies addressing subtle, quantitative variation are less common. The Drosophila wing is a model for the study of development and evolution, making it suitable to investigate the developmental mechanisms underlying the subtle quantitative morphological variation observed in nature. Previous reviews have focused on the processes involved in wing differentiation, patterning and growth. Here, we investigate what is known about how the wing achieves its final shape, and what variation in development is capable of generating the variation in wing shape observed in nature. Three major developmental stages need to be considered: larval development, pupariation, and pupal development. The major cellular processes involved in the determination of tissue size and shape are cell proliferation, cell death, oriented cell division and oriented cell intercalation. We review how variation in temporal and spatial distribution of growth and transcription factors affects these cellular mechanisms, which in turn affects wing shape. We then discuss which aspects of the wing morphological variation are predictable on the basis of these mechanisms.