Simultaneous evaluation of diagnostic marker utility for enzootic bovine leukosis
Simultaneous evaluation of diagnostic marker utility for enzootic bovine leukosis
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DOI：
10.1186/s12917-019-2158-4
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发表时间：
2019-11-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Yamamoto, Takehisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Konishi, Misako;Kobayashi, Sota;Yamamoto, Takehisa
牛白血病（EBL）是由牛白血病病毒（BLV）引起的一种牛传染病。超过60%的BLV感染牛保持亚临床状态，因此被称为白细胞减少（AL）牛。大约30%的感染牛显示出B淋巴细胞数量的相对稳定增加;这些牛被称为持续性淋巴细胞增多症（PL）牛。一小部分受感染的牛发生BLV诱导的B细胞淋巴瘤（EBL），称为EBL牛。由于BLV感染牛的数量增加，近年来日本EBL牛的数量也相应增加。EBL的几个诊断标准（例如，浅表淋巴结肿大、眼球突出、外周血淋巴细胞增多等）用于农场诊断和屠宰场的死前检测。由于不允许屠宰EBL牛供人食用，因此现场检测EBL牛对减少农场的经济损失非常重要。因此，建立新的诊断标记物以提高EBL牛的死前检测的效率和准确性是一个关键的、未满足的需求。为了同时评价候选标志物的效用，本研究使用具有不同BLV感染临床状态的687头牛（EBL、PL、AL和未感染牛）的血液样品测量了每种标志物的值。结果血清胸苷激酶（TK）的敏感性（Se）和特异性（Sp）最高，其次是血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）同工酶2。外周血淋巴细胞数量和外周血前病毒载量中Se和Sp2最低。除TK外的所有标志物值均受到受试牛性别的影响。结论虽然tLDH及其同工酶（LDH）可能受性别的影响，但TK和LDH 2的高准确性以及用于测量这些酶的方案的可及性和简单性推荐TK和LDH用于EBL牛的检测。使用这些标记物进行筛选，然后应用现有的诊断标准，可以提高农场EBL牛检测的效率和准确性，从而有助于减少农场的经济损失。
Background Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a disease of cattle caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). More than 60% of BLV-infected cattle remain subclinical and are thus referred to as aleukemic (AL) cattle. Approximately 30% of infected cattle show a relatively stable increase in the number of B lymphocytes; these cattle are termed persistent lymphocytosis (PL) cattle. A small percentage of infected cattle develop BLV-induced B cell lymphoma (EBL) and are called EBL cattle. Due to the increase in the number of BLV-infected cattle, the number of EBL cattle has featured a corresponding increase over recent years in Japan. Several diagnostic criteria for EBL (e.g., enlarged superficial lymph nodes, protrusion of the eye, increased peripheral blood lymphocyte, etc.) are used for on-farm diagnosis and antemortem tests at slaughterhouses. Since the slaughter of EBL cattle for human consumption is not allowed, on-farm detection of EBL cattle is important for reducing the economic loss incurred by farms. Therefore, establishing new diagnostic markers to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the antemortem detection of EBL cattle is a critical, unmet need. To simultaneously evaluate the utility of candidate markers, this study measured the values of each marker using the blood samples of 687 cattle with various clinical statuses of BLV infection (EBL, PL, AL and non-infected cattle). Results Sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) were highest for the serum thymidine kinase (TK) followed by the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme 2. The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes and proviral load in peripheral blood had the lowest Se and Sp. The values of all markers other than TK were influenced by the sex of the tested cattle. Conclusions Although tLDH and its isozymes (LDHs) may be influenced by the sex of the tested cattle, the high accuracy of TK and LDH2 as well as accessibility and simplicity of the protocol used to measure these enzymes recommend the utility of TK and LDHs for EBL cattle detection. Using these markers for screening followed by the application of existing diagnostic criteria may improve the efficiency and accuracy of EBL cattle detection on farms, thereby contributing to the reduction of economic losses in farms.