Reinterpreting the work of Charles Breder: Sensory neuromasts and orbital skeleton variation in eyeless Astyanax cavefish
Reinterpreting the work of Charles Breder: Sensory neuromasts and orbital skeleton variation in eyeless Astyanax cavefish
复制标题
重新解读 Charles Breder 的工作：无眼 Astyanax 洞穴鱼的感觉神经丘和眼眶骨骼变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.11.004
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Powers, Amanda K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gross, Joshua B.;Powers, Amanda K.
查尔斯·布雷德是研究墨西哥盲人洞穴鱼的先驱，他是第一个注意到这种有趣的地下生物面部骨骼的极端变异的人。利用极坐标图系统，他发现了影响眼眶骨骼的实质性变形变化。他1944年发表的里程碑式的出版物的一个复杂之处是，为这个物种描绘的眼眶骨的数量有误。然而，有趣的是，他提出了一种未知的“组织力量”，可能会影响最终的骨骼位置和相关的畸形。当时，这只是一种假设。然而，在发表了大约80年后，对感官对面部骨骼发育影响的洞察可能解释了海豚畸形和骨骼数量的变化。在经典文献中，侧线机械感觉神经肥大与面部骨骼真皮骨骼之间的形态联系已经被认识到，但这种相互作用的极性长期以来一直不清楚。在这里，我们认为感觉神经肥大和骨骼之间的感觉-骨骼整合解释了骨骼数量的不完整以及相邻元素之间融合等畸形特征。我们认为，在近缘表层鱼(和大多数硬骨鱼)中，这种发育耦合使感觉和骨骼系统在整个生命历史过程中成为一个功能单位。在这篇评论文章中，我们讨论了这种(鲜为人知的)现象作为一种潜在的进化来源的相关性，它是深部地质时代类群面骨结构变异的潜在来源。我们为Breder的图画中的错误提供了三种可能的解释，这可能是由其他相关物种中记录的自然发育变异解释的。此外，我们认为这个“进化”模型系统中的自然变异通过将胚胎发育过程中发生的异常与长期的成人畸形相结合，有助于解释不同的颅骨特征。
Charles Breder, a pioneering researcher of blind Mexican cavefish was the first to note extreme variation in the facial skeleton of this intriguing subterranean-dwelling organism. Using a system of polar coordinate plots, he identified substantial dysmorphic changes affecting bones of the orbital skeleton. A complication of his landmark publication from 1944 was an error in the number of orbital bones depicted for this species. Intriguingly, however, he proposed an unknown “organizing force” likely influences final bone position and associated dysmorphia. At the time this was merely hypothetical. Roughly eight decades since its publication, however, insights into sensory influences on facial bone development may explain dysmorphia and variation in bone numbers forAstyanaxcavefish. A morphological association between mechano-sensory neuromasts of the lateral line and dermal bones of the facial skeleton had been appreciated in the classical literature, but the polarity of this interaction has long remained unclear. Here, we propose that sensory-skeletal integration between sensory neuromasts and bones explain the incomplete numbers of bones, and dysmorphic features such as fusion between neighboring elements. We propose that in closely-related surface fish (and most teleost fish) this developmental coupling enables the sensory and skeletal systems to become integrated into a functional unit over the course of life history. In this opinion article, we discuss the relevance of this (poorly understood) phenomenon as a potential evolutionary source of variation in the facial bone structures of taxa across deep geologic time. We provide three potential explanations for the error in Breder's drawings, that may be explained by natural developmental variation documented in other related species. Moreover, we argue that the natural variation in this “evolutionary” model system is useful for explaining diverse cranial features by uniting aberrations occurring during embryogenesis with long-term adult dysmorphia.