The neural signatures of distinct psychopathic traits.
The neural signatures of distinct psychopathic traits.
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DOI：
10.1080/17470919.2012.703623
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Hariri AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carré JM;Hyde LW;Neumann CS;Viding E;Hariri AR
最近的研究表明，精神病可能与支持威胁和奖励相关过程的神经回路功能障碍有关。然而，这些研究涉及的样本很小，而且往往侧重于极端群体。因此，目前还不清楚目前的发现在多大程度上可以概括为普通人群的精神变态特征。此外，还没有研究在同一样本参与者中系统地同时评估不同的精神变态方面与威胁和奖励相关的大脑功能之间的联系。在这里，我们在200名年轻人的样本中研究了威胁相关的杏仁核反应性和奖赏相关的腹侧纹状体(VS)反应性之间的关系，以及自我报告精神病的四个方面的变异。路径模型表明，杏仁核对恐惧面部表情的反应与精神病的人际方面负相关，而杏仁核对愤怒面部表情的反应与生活方式方面正相关。此外，这些模型表明，对正面反馈和负面反馈的不同VS反应与生活方式方面存在负相关。有提示性的证据表明，大脑功能和精神病方面之间存在特定性别的关联模式。我们的发现首次证明了威胁和奖励相关的神经过程与精神变态的不同方面之间的差异关联，从而提供了更全面的神经脆弱性模式，可能容易导致与精神变态相关的适应不良结果。
Recent studies suggest that psychopathy may be associated with dysfunction in the neural circuitry supporting both threat- and reward-related processes. However, these studies have involved small samples and often focused on extreme groups. Thus, it is unclear to what extent current findings may generalize to psychopathic traits in the general population. Furthermore, no studies have systematically and simultaneously assessed associations between distinct psychopathy facets and both threat- and reward-related brain function in the same sample of participants. Here, we examined the relationship between threat-related amygdala reactivity and reward-related ventral striatum (VS) reactivity and variation in four facets of self-reported psychopathy in a sample of 200 young adults. Path models indicated that amygdala reactivity to fearful facial expressions is negatively associated with the interpersonal facet of psychopathy, whereas amygdala reactivity to angry facial expressions is positively associated with the lifestyle facet. Furthermore, these models revealed that differential VS reactivity to positive versus negative feedback is negatively associated with the lifestyle facet. There was suggestive evidence for gender-specific patterns of association between brain function and psychopathy facets. Our findings are the first to document differential associations between both threat- and reward-related neural processes and distinct facets of psychopathy and thus provide a more comprehensive picture of the pattern of neural vulnerabilities that may predispose to maladaptive outcomes associated with psychopathy.