Gene structure dynamics and divergence of the polygalacturonase gene family of plants and fungus.
Gene structure dynamics and divergence of the polygalacturonase gene family of plants and fungus.
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DOI：
10.1139/g07-093
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
K.-C. Park;S.-J. Kwon;P-H Kim;T. Bureau;N.-S. Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K.-C. Park;S.-J. Kwon;P-H Kim;T. Bureau;N.-S. Kim
以水稻（Oryza sativa subsp. japonica）和丝状真菌（米曲霉）进行了分离。水稻PG的直系同源物也从其他植物物种中检索到。106个植物PG可分为A、B、C、D和E 5个分支。真菌PGs可分为3个分支，其中一个分支与植物PGs的分支E形成一个松散的簇。在所有PG中鉴定出四个结构域基序（I、II、III、IV）。基序II和III分别被内含子如G/DDC和CGPGHGIS/IGSLG分开。植物PGs基因共有446个内含子，每个基因有3.98个内含子。在植物PG中，0期、1期和2期的内含子相位分布分别为65.5%、19.7%和14.8%。在A的PG中。0期、1期和2期内含子各37个（59.5%、24.3%和16.2%），每个基因2.47个内含子。植物PG的5个分支可分为3个基本基因结构谱系。内含子的位置和相位在前两个谱系的PG之间是保守的。第三个谱系由进化枝E的PG组成，其也在与其他PG不同的位置携带高度保守的内含子。内含子的位置是不高度保守的真菌PG植物PG。目前PG中的内含子在单子叶植物从双子叶植物分化之前就已经存在。结果表明，内含子的差异丢失产生了基因多样性，随后在植物PG中发生了片段和串联重复。
Whole copies of the polygalacturonase (PG) genes from rice (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica) and a filamentous fungus (Aspergillus oryzae) were isolated. The orthologs of the rice PGs were also retrieved from other plant species. The 106 plant PGs analyzed were divided into 5 clades, A, B, C, D, and E. The fungus PGs were classified into 3 clades, of which one formed a loose cluster with clade E of the plant PGs. Four domain motifs (I, II, III, IV) were identified in all PGs. Motifs II and III were split by introns such as G/DDC and CGPGHGIS/IGSLG, respectively. In plant PGs there were 446 introns in total and 3.98 introns per gene. Intron phase distribution was 65.5% for phase 0, 19.7% for phase 1, and 14.8% for phase 2 in plant PGs. In the PGs of A. oryzae there were 37 introns of phase 0 (59.5%), phase 1 (24.3%), and phase 2 (16.2%), with 2.47 introns per gene. The 5 clades of plant PGs were divided into 3 basic gene structure lineages. Intron positions and phases were conserved among the PGs in the first 2 lineages. The third lineage consisted of PGs of clade E, which also carried highly conserved introns at different positions from other PGs. Intron positions were not as highly conserved in fungus PGs as in plant PGs. The introns in the current PGs have been present since before the divergence of monocots from dicots. The results obtained show that differential losses of introns created gene diversity, which was followed by segmental and tandem duplication in plant PGs.