Infants are not obligatory nasal breathers.
Infants are not obligatory nasal breathers.
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婴儿不是强制性的鼻呼吸者。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Stǎnescu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Rodenstein;N. Perlmutter;D. Stǎnescu
人们普遍认为婴儿必须用鼻呼吸。我们研究了 19 名 1 至 230 天的婴儿对急性鼻塞的呼吸反应。嘴唇分开。通过透视监测口咽结构，同时记录呼吸运动和口腔流量。我们系统地观察了鼻塞之前和过程中软腭和舌头的紧密并置，关闭口咽峡部。经过一段可变时间（平均 7.8 秒，范围 0.6 至 32 秒）后，软腭抬起并开始口呼吸。用嘴呼吸所需的时间与年龄和/或意识状态有关，年龄较大和/或清醒的婴儿比年龄较小和/或睡着的婴儿反应更快。在另外 9 例中，当在闭嘴的情况下进行鼻塞时，结果与在张嘴婴儿中获得的结果相当。脑电图 (EEG) 记录显示 3 名婴儿处于安静的非快速眼动睡眠状态。鼻塞会导致立即的唤醒反应，然后在不同的时间后通过口呼吸。我们的结论是，婴儿不是强制性的鼻呼吸者。他们可以通过将软腭与舌头分离来通过嘴呼吸，从而打开口咽峡部。
It is widely believed that infants are obligatory nasal breathers. We studied 19 infants, 1 to 230 days of age, for respiratory response to acute nasal occlusion. Lips were kept apart. Oropharyngeal structures were monitored by fluoroscopy, whereas respiratory movements and oral flow were recorded. We systematically observed before and during nasal occlusion tight apposition of the soft palate and the tongue, closing the oropharyngeal isthmus. After a variable time (mean 7.8 s, range 0.6 to 32 s), the soft palate rose and oral breathing was initiated. Time required to mouth-breathe was related to age and/or conscious state, older and/or awake infants responding faster than younger and/or asleep infants. In 9 others, when nasal occlusion was performed with the mouth closed, results were comparable to those obtained in infants with mouths open. In 3 infants, electroencephalograph (EEG) records showed quiet non-REM sleep. Nasal occlusion resulted in an immediate arousal reaction, followed after a variable time by mouth breathing. We conclude that infants are not obligatory nasal breathers. They can breathe through the mouth by detaching the soft palate from the tongue, thus opening the oropharyngeal isthmus.