The Citizen as Respondent: Sample Surveys and American Democracy Presidential Address, American Political Science Association, 1995
The Citizen as Respondent: Sample Surveys and American Democracy Presidential Address, American Political Science Association, 1995
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作为受访者的公民：抽样调查和美国民主总统演讲，美国政治科学协会，1995 年
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
S. Verba
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Verba
公民参与是公众向政府传达其需求和偏好并促使政府作出回应的主要方式。由于参与取决于资源，而且资源分配不均，因此产生的沟通是对公众的偏见代表。因此，平等考虑的民主理想是违反的。抽样调查最接近于不带偏见地代表公众，因为参与调查不需要资源，而且调查消除了政治参与者是自我选择这一事实所固有的选择偏见。参与过程和抽样调查之间的对比被用来强调参与过程中的偏见的性质。然而，调查并不被视为提供更平等代表性的实际方式。
Citizen participation is the main way in which the public communicates its needs and preferences to the government and induces the government to be responsive. Since participation depends on resources and resources are unequally distributed, the resulting communication is a biased representation of the public. Thus, the democratic ideal of equal consideration is violated. Sample surveys provide the closest approximation to an unbiased representation of the public because participation in a survey requires no resources and because surveys eliminate the selection bias inherent in the fact that participants in politics are self-selected. The contrast between the participatory process and the sample survey is used to highlight the nature of the bias in the former. Surveys, however, are not seen as a practical way of providing more equal representation.