Recreational physical activity and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Cohort Study.
Recreational physical activity and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Cohort Study.
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DOI：
10.13016/vgba-htqf
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发表时间：
2003-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. McTiernan;C. Kooperberg;E. White;S. Wilcox;R. Coates;L. Adams-Campbell;N. Woods;J. Ockene
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文献类型：
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作者：
A. McTiernan;C. Kooperberg;E. White;S. Wilcox;R. Coates;L. Adams-Campbell;N. Woods;J. Ockene
经常锻炼身体的女性患乳腺癌的风险降低，但所需活动的类型、数量和时间尚不清楚。目的：前瞻性研究绝经后妇女当前和过去的休闲体育活动与乳腺癌发病率之间的关系。设计、地点和患者：前瞻性队列研究，纳入74171名年龄在50 - 79岁之间的女性，从1993年到1998年由美国40个临床中心招募。主要观察指标浸润性和原位乳腺癌的发生率。结果：我们记录了1780例新诊断的乳腺癌病例，平均随访时间为4.7年。与不太活跃的女性相比，35岁时经常从事剧烈体力活动的女性患乳腺癌的风险降低了14%（相对风险[RR]，0.86; 95%置信区间[CI]，0.78-0.95）。在18岁和50岁的剧烈体力活动中观察到类似但减弱的结果。当前体力活动总分的增加与乳腺癌风险的降低相关（趋势P = 0.03）。与不运动的女性相比，每周进行相当于1.25至2.5小时快走的女性患乳腺癌的风险降低了18%（RR，0.82; 95%CI，0.68-0.97）。对于每周从事相当于10小时或更长时间快走的女性，观察到风险降低幅度略大。运动的效果在体重指数（BMI）最低三分位数（<24.1）的女性中最为明显，但在BMI中间三分位数（24.1-28.4）的女性中也观察到了。结论：这些数据表明，增加体力活动与绝经后妇女乳腺癌的风险降低有关，较长的持续时间提供了最大的好处，这种活动不需要是艰苦的。
CONTEXT Women who are physically active have a decreased risk for breast cancer, but the types, amounts, and timing of activity needed are unknown. OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association between current and past recreational physical activity and incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Prospective cohort study in 74 171 women aged 50 to 79 years who were recruited by 40 US clinical centers from 1993 through 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Incident invasive and in situ breast cancer. RESULTS We documented 1780 newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer over a mean follow-up of 4.7 years. Compared with less active women, women who engaged in regular strenuous physical activity at age 35 years had a 14% decreased risk of breast cancer (relative risk [RR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.95). Similar but attenuated findings were observed for strenuous physical activity at ages 18 years and 50 years. An increasing total current physical activity score was associated with a reduced risk for breast cancer (P =.03 for trend). Women who engaged in the equivalent of 1.25 to 2.5 hours per week of brisk walking had an 18% decreased risk of breast cancer (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97) compared with inactive women. Slightly greater reduction in risk was observed for women who engaged in the equivalent of 10 hours or more per week of brisk walking. The effect of exercise was most pronounced in women in the lowest tertile of body mass index (BMI) (<24.1), but also was observed for women in the middle tertile of BMI (24.1-28.4). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that increased physical activity is associated with reduced risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women, longer duration provides most benefit, and that such activity need not be strenuous.