Astronomy with Radioactivities
Astronomy with Radioactivities
复制标题
天文学与放射性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Hartmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Diehl;D. Hartmann
宇宙放射性是一个跨学科的主题，也是宇宙核天体物理学的一个有趣的替代观点。放射性同位素及其衰变提供了来自宇宙核合成位点的独特信息，因为衰变是由弱相互作用物理学介导的，不受环境条件的影响。各种同位素的放射性时钟追踪恒星混合过程和太阳系形成时物体的凝固过程。同位素丰度直接反映了它们在核合成位点形成的条件，这在其他情况下是无法观察到的。测量范围从陨石及其包含的星尘颗粒成分到宇宙射线和电磁辐射，从红外线到伽马射线波长。因此，不同的天文学学科，以及它们通过不稳定的衰变同位素所看到的宇宙核合成的不同信使，都与核反应的物理学，以及各种宇宙核合成位点和宇宙同位素演化的理论和模型有关。
Cosmic radioactivity represents a cross-disciplinary theme and an interesting alternate viewpoint on cosmic nuclear astrophysics. Radioactive isotopes and their decay provide unique messages from sites of cosmic nucleosynthesis, as the decay is mediated by weak interaction physics and independent of environmental conditions. The radioactive clock of various isotopes traces stellar mixing processes and the process of solidification of bodies when the solar system was formed. Isotopic abundances directly reflect the conditions of their formation in the nucleosynthesis site, which is unobservable otherwise. Measurements range from meteorites and their included stardust grain compositions through to cosmic rays and electromagnetic radiation from infrared to gamma ray wavelengths. Thus, various astronomical disciplines with their different messengers of cosmic nucleosynthesis as seen through unstable, decaying isotopes are linked to the physics of nuclear reactions, and to theories and models of the variety of cosmic nucleosynthesis sites and of cosmic isotopic evolution.