Migration and welfare state solidarity in Western Europe
Migration and welfare state solidarity in Western Europe
复制标题
西欧的移民和福利国家团结
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christoph A. Burkhardt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Steffen Mau;Christoph A. Burkhardt
近几十年来，西欧不得不面对日益增加的移民水平，导致人口更加多样化。其直接后果是，出现了将移民充分纳入福利国家的问题。与此同时，有人提出将非国民或移民纳入福利国家是否会破坏福利国家再分配的团结基础和合法性的问题。如果移民获得平等机会，总体上对福利国家持积极态度的公民可能会持批评态度。我们使用来自欧洲经合组织国家的欧洲社会调查（2002/2003）的数据，研究了欧洲公民的种族多样性与公共社会支出、福利国家支持和对移民的态度之间的关系。结果表明，种族多样性与公共社会支出水平之间仅存在微弱的负相关关系。支持福利国家和对合法接纳移民作为因变量的态度的多级回归模型实际上揭示了种族多样性的负面影响。然而，当结合其他背景因素（尤其是 GDP）控制移民时，失业率和福利制度似乎具有中介影响。
In recent decades Western Europe has had to face increasing migration levels resulting in a more diverse population. As a direct consequence, the question of adequate inclusion of immigrants into the welfare state has arisen. At the same time it has been asked whether the inclusion of non-nationals or migrants into the welfare state may undermine the solidaristic basis and legitimacy of welfare state redistribution. Citizens who are in general positive about the welfare state may adopt a critical view if migrants are granted equal access. Using data from the European Social Survey (2002/2003) for European OECD Countries we examine the relationship between ethnic diversity and public social expenditure, welfare state support and attitudes towards immigrants among European citizens. The results indicate only weak negative correlations between ethnic diversity and public social expenditure levels. Multilevel regression models with support for the welfare state and attitudes towards the legal inclusion of immigrants as dependent variables in fact reveal a negative influence of ethnic diversity. However, when controlling for migration in combination with other contextual factors, especially GDP, the unemployment rate and welfare regime seem to have a mediating influence.