Development of a high resolution grid-based river flow model for use with regional climate model output
Development of a high resolution grid-based river flow model for use with regional climate model output
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DOI：
10.5194/hess-11-532-2007
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Moore, R. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, V. A.;Kay, A. L.;Moore, R. J.
为区域评估环境变化对水文敏感系统的影响，开发了一种基于网格的河流流量模拟方法。该方法还提供了一种评估区域气候模式(RCM)陆面部分的水文表现并提供反馈的手段。当结合气候演变的信息时，该模型可以估计未来气候变化对河流流量和洪水的影响。高分辨率径流路径和产流模型是为使用RCM计算的降雨和潜在蒸发(PE)而设计的，尽管也可以使用其他网格降雨和潜在蒸发(PE)来源。它被称为“网格到网格模型”，或G2G，它可以配置在不同分辨率和覆盖范围的网格上(这里使用的是英国上空1公里的网格)。该模型可以在区域基础上模拟水流，并为陆架海和海洋模型的输入提供河流流量的估计。在相对较高分辨率的I公里网格上配置径流模型，可以将模拟的河流流量与英国各地各种集水区的测量观测结果进行比较。还将模拟的水流与基于流域的模型得到的水流进行了比较，基于流域的模型是为评估洪水频率而开发的概率分布模型(PDM)的参数推广形式。使用RCM再分析降雨量和PE作为输入，G2G模式与每日时间步长的实测流相比表现良好，特别是对于高起伏集水区。对于低地势和以地下水为主的地区，由于地形是径流产流的主要模型控制，因此它的表现不太好。
A grid-based approach to river flow modelling has been developed for regional assessments of the impact of environmental change on hydrologically sensitive systems. The approach also provides a means of assessing, and providing feedback on, the hydrological performance of the land-surface component of a regional climate model (RCM). When combined with information on the evolution of climate, the model can give estimates of the impact of future climate change on river flows and flooding. The high-resolution flow routing and runoff-production model is designed for use with RCM-derived rainfall and potential evaporation (PE),, although other sources of gridded rainfall and PE can be employed. Called the "Grid-to-Grid Model", or G2G, it can be configured on grids of different resolution and coverage (a I km grid over the UK is used here). The model can simulate flow on an area-wide basis as well as providing estimates of fluvial discharges for input to shelf- sea and ocean models. Configuration of the flow routing model on a relatively high resolution I km grid allows modelled river flows to be compared with gauged observations for a variety of catchments across the UK. Modelled flows are also compared with those obtained from a catchment-based model, a parameter-generalised form of the Probability-Distributed Model (PDM) developed for assessing flood frequency. Using RCM re-analysis rainfall and PE as input, the G2G model performs well compared with measured flows at a daily time-step, particularly for high relief catchments. It performs less well for low-relief and groundwater-dominated regions because the dominant model control on runoff production is topography.