Explaining the Immigrant Health Advantage: Self-selection and Protection in Health-Related Factors Among Five Major National-Origin Immigrant Groups in the United States.
Explaining the Immigrant Health Advantage: Self-selection and Protection in Health-Related Factors Among Five Major National-Origin Immigrant Groups in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1007/s13524-016-0542-2
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Jochem WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riosmena F;Kuhn R;Jochem WC
尽管移民是新来者，但在工业化社会中，他们的健康状况往往好于本地出生的人口。我们扩展先前的努力，以确定是否自我选择和/或保护解释这种优势。我们检查移民的身高和吸烟水平之前，移民测试自我选择，我们分析吸烟行为，因为移民，控制自我选择，以评估保护。我们研究了来自五个主要国家的20-49岁的个体：印度，中国，菲律宾，墨西哥和多米尼加共和国。为了评估自我选择，我们比较了移民，在国家健康和访谈调查（NHIS）采访，与非移民同龄人在派遣国，在世界卫生调查采访。为了测试保护，我们将移民自移民以来吸烟的变化与两个反事实进行了对比：（1）如果移民采用美国的行为，他们会表现出的吸烟率。出生在NHIS的非西班牙裔白人（完全同化）;（2）如果移民采用输出国非移民的比率（无移民情景），移民本应拥有的比率。我们发现了统计上显著和实质性的自我选择，特别是在高技能（印度人和菲律宾人的身高，中国人吸烟）和低技能（墨西哥）无证游泳池的男性中。我们还发现，在具有较强相对社会资本的移民群体（墨西哥人和多米尼加人）中，吸烟具有显著和实质性的保护作用。
Despite being newcomers, immigrants often exhibit better health relative to native-born populations in industrialized societies. We extend prior efforts to identify whether self-selection and/or protection explain this advantage. We examine migrant height and smoking levels just prior to immigration to test for self-selection; and we analyze smoking behavior since immigration, controlling for self-selection, to assess protection. We study individuals aged 20–49 from five major national origins: India, China, the Philippines, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. To assess self-selection, we compare migrants, interviewed in the National Health and Interview Surveys (NHIS), with nonmigrant peers in sending nations, interviewed in the World Health Surveys. To test for protection, we contrast migrants’ changes in smoking since immigration with two counterfactuals: (1) rates that immigrants would have exhibited had they adopted the behavior of U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites in the NHIS (full —assimilation ); and (2) rates that migrants would have had if they had adopted the rates of nonmigrants in sending countries (no-migration scenario). We find statistically significant and substantial self-selection, particularly among men from both higher-skilled (Indians and Filipinos in height, Chinese in smoking) and lower-skilled (Mexican) undocumented pools. We also find significant and substantial protection in smoking among immigrant groups with stronger relative social capital (Mexicans and Dominicans).