Comparative Genomic Analysis of Capsule-Producing Black Yeasts Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala spinifera, Potential Agents of Disseminated Mycoses
Comparative Genomic Analysis of Capsule-Producing Black Yeasts Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala spinifera, Potential Agents of Disseminated Mycoses
复制标题
产荚膜黑酵母 Exophiala dermatitidis 和 Exophiala spinifera（播散性真菌病的潜在病原体）的比较基因组分析
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.00586
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发表时间：
2020-04-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Sybren de Hoog, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song, Yinggai;da Silva, Nickolas Menezes;Sybren de Hoog, G.
临床上被认为是可能引起播散性感染的毒性最强的两种黑酵母 Exophiala dermatitidis 和 Exophiala spinifera 都产生细胞外荚膜样物质。在本研究中，基于系统发育分析、生理学测试和毒力测试，选择了 10 个刺棘球菌和皮炎球菌菌株的基因组，包括临床和环境分离株，在 Illumina MiSeq 测序仪上进行测序并进行注释。在种内和种间菌株之间进行基因组数据比较。然而，通过比较基因组学，我们发现荚膜相关基因在两个物种中并不一致存在。临床流行的皮炎艾美耳球菌的基因组较小，与刺艾美耳球菌和腐生近缘种相比，其毒力相关基因明显较少。基因 OG0012246 和 Myb 样 DNA 结合域和 SANT/Myb 域仅限于来自人脑的两个菌株，与嗜神经物种马肯兹犀角藻共有。这项研究表明，两种产生胶囊的黑酵母存在不同的毒力谱，并且缺乏一致的毒力相关谱支持黑酵母是机会病原体而不是主要病原体的假设。研究结果还提供了关键的毒力基因，并推动了病原体与宿主相互作用的持续研究，以探索发病机制。
The two black yeasts Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala spinifera that are clinically considered as the most virulent species potentially causing disseminated infections are both producing extracellular capsule-like material, are compared. In this study, 10 genomes of E. spinifera and E. dermatitidis strains, including both clinical and environmental isolates, were selected based on phylogenetic analysis, physiology tests and virulence tests, sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq sequencer and annotated. Comparison of genome data were performed between intraspecific and interspecific strains. We found capsule-associated genes were however not consistently present in both species by the comparative genomics. The prevalent clinical species, E. dermatitidis, has small genomes containing significantly less virulence-associated genes than E. spinifera, and also than saprobic relatives. Gene OG0012246 and Myb-like DNA-binding domain and SANT/Myb domain, restricted to two strains from human brain, was shared with the neurotropic species Rhinocladiella mackenziei. This study indicated that different virulence profiles existed in the two capsule-producing black yeasts, and the absence of consistent virulence-associated profiles supports the hypothesis that black yeasts are opportunists rather than primary pathogens. The results also provide the key virulence genes and drive the continuing research forward pathogen–host interactions to explore the pathogenesis.