Digestive tract microbiota of beef cattle that differed in feed efficiency.
Digestive tract microbiota of beef cattle that differed in feed efficiency.
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DOI：
10.1093/jas/skaa008
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wells, James E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freetly, Harvey C;Dickey, Aaron;Wells, James E
我们假设体重增加不同的牛具有不同的消化道微生物群。进行了两个实验。在这两项实验中，公牛的日粮中含有 8.0% 切碎的苜蓿干草、20% 含可溶物的湿酒糟、67.75% 干玉米和 4.25% 维生素/矿物质混合物（包括莫能菌素）（以干物质计）。公牛可以随意获取饲料和水。在实验 1 中，144 头公牛（年龄 = 310 ± 1.5 天；体重 = 503 ± 37.2 kg）单独饲喂 105 天。从平均干物质 (10.1 ± 0.05 kg/d) ±0.32 SD 范围内的 ADG 最大 (1.96 ± 0.02 kg/d) 的 8 头公牛和 ADG 最小 (1.57 ± 0.02 kg/d) 的 8 头公牛中采集瘤胃食糜样本。在实验 2 中，66 头公牛（年龄 = 396 ± 1 天；体重 = 456 ± 5 kg）单独饲喂 84 天。瘤胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠和结肠消化物样本是从平均干物质摄入量 (11.9 ± 0.1 kg/d) ±0.55 SD 范围内的 ADG 最大 (2.39 ± 0.06 kg/d) 的 8 头公牛和 ADG 最小 (1.85 ± 0.06 kg/d) 的 8 头公牛采集。在这两项研究中，均分离了 DNA，并对 16S rRNA 基因的 V1 至 V3 区域进行了测序。使用 0.03 的差异对操作分类单位进行分类，并使用 Greengenes 16S rRNA 基因数据库进行识别。在实验1中，Chao1、Shannon、Simpson和InvSimpson多样性指数或排列多元方差分析（PERMANOVA；P = 0.57）没有差异。分层测试返回了 6 个进化枝，它们在不同种公牛类别之间存在丰富差异（P < 0.05）。在实验 2 中，对于瘤胃、十二指肠、回肠、盲肠和结肠，分类为较小或较大 ADG 的公牛之间的 Chao1、Shannon、Simpson 和 InvSimpson 多样性指数和 PERMANOVA 没有差异 (P > 0.05)。在空肠中，不同种牛的Chao1（P = 0.09）和Simpson（P = 0.09）多样性指数存在差异，但Shannon（P = 0.14）和InvSimpson（P = 0.14）多样性指数没有差异。 PERMANOVA 中空肠的分类组不同 (P = 0.006)。分层依赖性错误发现率程序返回 11 个分支，因为空肠中的转向分类之间存在丰富差异（P < 0.05）。大多数 OTU 属于棒杆菌科和 Coriobacteriaceae 科。这项研究表明，反刍动物肠道微生物群的差异可能与动物的生产性能有关。
We hypothesized cattle that differed in BW gain had different digestive tract microbiota. Two experiments were conducted. In both experiments, steers received a diet that consisted of 8.0% chopped alfalfa hay, 20% wet distillers grain with solubles, 67.75% dry-rolled corn, and 4.25% vitamin/mineral mix (including monensin) on a dry matter basis. Steers had ad libitum access to feed and water. In experiment 1, 144 steers (age = 310 ± 1.5 d; BW = 503 ± 37.2 kg) were individually fed for 105 d. Ruminal digesta samples were collected from eight steers with the greatest (1.96 ± 0.02 kg/d) and eight steers with the least ADG (1.57 ± 0.02 kg/d) that were within ±0.32 SD of the mean (10.1 ± 0.05 kg/d) dry matter. In experiment 2, 66 steers (age = 396 ± 1 d; BW = 456 ± 5 kg) were individually fed for 84 d. Rumen, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon digesta samples were collected from eight steers with the greatest (2.39 ± 0.06 kg/d) and eight steers with the least ADG (1.85 ± 0.06 kg/d) that were within ±0.55 SD of the mean dry matter intake (11.9 ± 0.1 kg/d). In both studies, DNA was isolated and the V1 to V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. Operational taxonomic units were classified using 0.03 dissimilarity and identified using the Greengenes 16S rRNA gene database. In experiment 1, there were no differences in the Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and InvSimpson diversity indexes or the permutation multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA; P = 0.57). The hierarchical test returned six clades as being differentially abundant between steer classifications (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and InvSimpson diversity indexes and PERMANOVA between steer classified as less or greater ADG did not differ (P > 0.05) for the rumen, duodenum, ileum, cecum, and colon. In the jejunum, there tended to be a difference in the Chao1 (P = 0.09) and Simpson diversity (P = 0.09) indexes between steer classifications, but there was no difference in the Shannon (P = 0.14) and InvSimpson (P = 0.14) diversity indexes. Classification groups for the jejunum differed (P = 0.006) in the PERMANOVA. The hierarchical dependence false discovery rate procedure returned 11 clades as being differentially abundant between steer classifications in the jejunum (P < 0.05). The majority of the OTU were in the Families Corynebacteriaceae and Coriobacteriaceae. This study suggests that intestinal differences in the microbiota of ruminants may be associated with animal performance.