The Generation of Dynein Networks by Multi-Layered Regulation and Their Implication in Cell Division
The Generation of Dynein Networks by Multi-Layered Regulation and Their Implication in Cell Division
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DOI：
10.3389/fcell.2020.00022
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Takayuki Torisawa;A. Kimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takayuki Torisawa;A. Kimura
细胞质动力蛋白-1（以下简称动力蛋白）是一种主要的微管为基础的运动细胞分裂的关键。动力蛋白对有丝分裂纺锤体的形成和定位以及细胞内各种货物的运输至关重要。动力蛋白的一个显著特征是，尽管具有多种功能，但催化亚基在单个基因中编码。为了执行各种细胞活动，似乎有不同类型的动力蛋白共享一个共同的催化亚基。在这篇综述中，我们将把不同种类的动力蛋白称为“动力蛋白”。本文试图将多种动力蛋白产生的机制分为四个层次。在细胞内，通过多层调节产生的多个动力蛋白相互作用，形成动力蛋白网络。这些动力蛋白网络可能负责精确调节细胞活动，包括细胞分裂。这些网络如何在细胞内发挥作用，重点是秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎的早期胚胎发生，进行了讨论，以及未来的方向整合我们的理解分子分层，了解整体的动力蛋白的功能在活细胞中。
Cytoplasmic dynein-1 (hereafter referred to as dynein) is a major microtubule-based motor critical for cell division. Dynein is essential for the formation and positioning of the mitotic spindle as well as the transport of various cargos in the cell. A striking feature of dynein is that, despite having a wide variety of functions, the catalytic subunit is coded in a single gene. To perform various cellular activities, there seem to be different types of dynein that share a common catalytic subunit. In this review, we will refer to the different kinds of dynein as “dyneins.” This review attempts to classify the mechanisms underlying the emergence of multiple dyneins into four layers. Inside a cell, multiple dyneins generated through the multi-layered regulations interact with each other to form a network of dyneins. These dynein networks may be responsible for the accurate regulation of cellular activities, including cell division. How these networks function inside a cell, with a focus on the early embryogenesis of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos, is discussed, as well as future directions for the integration of our understanding of molecular layering to understand the totality of dynein’s function in living cells.