Deep drilling reveals massive shifts in evolutionary dynamics after formation of ancient ecosystem.

Deep drilling reveals massive shifts in evolutionary dynamics after formation of ancient ecosystem.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abb2943
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Wagner B
Wagner B
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wilke T;Hauffe T;Jovanovska E;Cvetkoska A;Donders T;Ekschmitt K;Francke A;Lacey JH;Levkov Z;Marshall CR;Neubauer TA;Silvestro D;Stelbrink B;Vogel H;Albrecht C;Holtvoeth J;Krastel S;Leicher N;Leng MJ;Lindhorst K;Masi A;Ognjanova-Rumenova N;Panagiotopoulos K;Reed JM;Sadori L;Tofilovska S;Van Bocxlaer B;Wagner-Cremer F;Wesselingh FP;Wolters V;Zanchetta G;Zhang X;Wagner B

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一个挥发性的短寿命的特有种组合发展成为一个稳定的社会的长寿物种在奥赫里德湖。随着时间的推移,直接跟踪多样性的高分辨率经验数据的稀缺限制了我们对物种形成和灭绝动态以及速率变化驱动因素的理解。在这里,我们分析了一个连续的物种水平的化石记录,特有的硅藻从古奥赫里德湖,沿着环境和气候指标的时间序列,因为湖泊形成136万年(Ma)前。我们发现,物种形成和灭绝率几乎同时下降,在生态系统形成后的环境动态阶段,并在奥赫里德湖建立深水条件后稳定下来。随着湖水的加深,我们也看到了宏观进化权衡的转变,导致从短暂的特有物种的不稳定组合过渡到长寿物种的稳定群落。我们的研究结果强调了环境/气候变化,生态系统稳定性和环境限制多样性多样化过程之间的相互作用的重要性。这项研究还为长寿生态系统的进化动力学提供了新的认识。
A volatile assemblage of short-lived endemic species developed into a stable community of long-lived species in Lake Ohrid. The scarcity of high-resolution empirical data directly tracking diversity over time limits our understanding of speciation and extinction dynamics and the drivers of rate changes. Here, we analyze a continuous species-level fossil record of endemic diatoms from ancient Lake Ohrid, along with environmental and climate indicator time series since lake formation 1.36 million years (Ma) ago. We show that speciation and extinction rates nearly simultaneously decreased in the environmentally dynamic phase after ecosystem formation and stabilized after deep-water conditions established in Lake Ohrid. As the lake deepens, we also see a switch in the macroevolutionary trade-off, resulting in a transition from a volatile assemblage of short-lived endemic species to a stable community of long-lived species. Our results emphasize the importance of the interplay between environmental/climate change, ecosystem stability, and environmental limits to diversity for diversification processes. The study also provides a new understanding of evolutionary dynamics in long-lived ecosystems.
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