Homeless youth and their exposure to and involvement in violence while living on the streets
Homeless youth and their exposure to and involvement in violence while living on the streets
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00037-2
复制
发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Iversen, EF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kipke, MD;Simon, TR;Iversen, EF
目的：本研究的目的是探讨无家可归青年的暴力暴露史、暴力行为史和对暴力受害的恐惧史，并检验这些构念与人口变量的关联程度。方法：从服务和街道站点抽取了432名无家可归或即将无家可归的青少年（13至23岁）的样本。计算了报告接触过每种类型暴力的青少年的百分比。使用多元回归分析来检查性别、种族、年龄和无家可归时间长短在暴露于暴力风险方面的差异。结果：受访者表示，他们接触暴力的比例很高。女性受访者报告的暴力暴露程度与男性报告的一样高。女性更有可能报告遭受过性侵犯，害怕成为受害者，而倾向于不太可能报告实施暴力。除了少数例外，种族认同并不是暴力暴露或害怕受害的重要预测因素。年龄往往与遭受暴力的风险成反比。无家可归的时间长短与对受害的恐惧无关。结论：作为证人和受害者，无家可归的青少年暴露于各种形式暴力的风险很高。总体暴力暴露率和与人口变量相关的模式明显高于国家青少年样本报告的情况。(C)青少年医学学会，1997年。
Purpose: The purpose of this research were to explore homeless youths' histories of exposure to violence, perpetration of violence, and fear of violent victimization, and to examine the extent to which these constructs are associated with demographic variables.Methods: A sample of 432 youth (between 13 and 23 years old) who were homeless or at imminent risk for homelessness were sampled from both service and street sites. The percentage of youth who reported exposure to each type of violence was calculated. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine differences in the risk of exposure to violence across gender, ethnicity, age, and length of time homeless.Results: Respondents reported a high rate of exposure to violence. Female respondents reported levels of exposure to violence that were as high as those reported by males. Females were more likely to report having been sexually assaulted and fearing victimization, and tended to be less likely to report perpetrating violence. With a few exceptions, ethnic identity was not a significant predictor of exposure to violence or fear of victimization. Age tended to be inversely associated with risk of exposure to violence. Length of time homeless was not associated with fear of victimization.Conclusions: Homeless youth are at high risk for exposure to a variety of forms violence as both witnesses and victims. The overall rates of exposure to violence and patterns of association with demographic variables are significantly higher than those reported in national samples of adolescents. (C) Society for Adolescent Medicine, 1997.