Prevalence of myopia between 3 months and 51/2 years in preterm infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity
Prevalence of myopia between 3 months and 51/2 years in preterm infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0161-6420(98)97036-1
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Stone, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quinn, GE;Dobson, V;Stone, RA
目的：本研究的目的是检查出生体重小于1251 g的早产儿在足月后3个月至5 1/2岁之间的6个年龄段的等效球镜屈光不正，特别是近视，设计：队列研究。冷冻治疗早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的多中心研究共有827名参与者，大约三分之一的眼睛没有发展ROP，而三分之二的开发轻度至重度ROP，没有眼睛进行cryotherapy.Intervention：屈光不正测量在3个月，1年，5 1/2年后，到期日在五个长期随访中心。在大多数眼睛中，屈光不正也在2、3 1/2和4 1/2岁时测量。主要结果测量：近视定义为0.25屈光度（D）或更大，高度近视定义为5 D或更大。与已发表的足月儿童数据相比，该早产儿人群中近视眼的比例增加，且与急性期和瘢痕性近视眼的严重程度相关。近视眼的比例在年龄上变化不大，从1岁时的21.2%到4岁半时的15.7%。高度近视眼的比例在3个月至1年期间从1.8%增加到3.9%，此后保持稳定。轻度急性期视网膜病变眼的屈光不正分布与无视网膜病变眼相似，而中度或重度急性期视网膜病变眼的高度近视患病率增加。3个月至1岁时屈光不正的分布发生变化，1岁后变化不大，这种屈光发展模式不同于足月儿。出生体重，ROP的严重程度，3个月的近视度预测存在的近视和高度近视在5 1/2 years age.Conclusions：在早产儿从3个月到5 1/2 years的屈光不正的分布不同的严重程度，急性期ROP和瘢痕性疾病。屈光不正分布的变化主要发生在3个月至1年之间，涉及远视眼比例的降低和高度近视眼比例的增加。
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine spherical equivalent refractive errors, especially myopia, at six ages between 3 months and 5 1/2 years post-term in preterm children with birth weights of less than 1251 g,Design: A cohort study.Participants: There were a total of 827 participants in the multicenter study of cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), Approximately one third of the eyes did not develop ROP, whereas two thirds developed mild-to-severe ROP, None of the eyes underwent cryotherapy.Intervention: Refractive error was measured at 3 months, 1 year, and 5 1/2 years after term due date at the five long-term follow-up centers. In most eyes, refractive error also was measured at 2, 3 1/2, and 4 1/2 years.Main Outcome Measure: Myopia was defined as 0.25 diopter (D) or greater with high myopia as 5 D or greater.Results: The proportion of eyes with myopia in this preterm population was increased compared to published data on full-term children and was related to severity of both acute-phase and cicatricial-phase ROP, The percentage of eyes with myopia varied little across ages, ranging from 21.2% at 1 year to 15.7% at 4 1/2, years. The percentage of eyes with high myopia doubled from 1,8% to 3.9% between 3 months and 1 year and remained stable thereafter. The distribution of refractive errors in eyes with mild acute-phase ROP was similar to that of eyes with no ROP, In contrast, eyes with moderate or severe acute-phase ROP showed an increased prevalence of high myopia. The distribution of refractive errors changed between 3 months and 1 year with little change after 1 year, This pattern of refractive development differs from that of full-term infants. Birth weight, severity of ROP, and degree of myopia at 3 months predicted the presence of myopia and high myopia at 5 1/2 years of age.Conclusions: The distribution of refractive errors in preterm infants from age 3 months to 5 1/2 years varies with severity of acute-phase ROP and cicatricial disease. Changes in refractive error distribution occur primarily between 3 months and 1 year and involve a decrease in the proportion of eyes with hyperopia and an increase in the proportion with high degrees of myopia.