Neural Stem Cell Activation and the Role of Protein Synthesis.
Neural Stem Cell Activation and the Role of Protein Synthesis.
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DOI：
10.3233/bpl-160038
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发表时间：
2017-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martin-Villalba A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baser A;Skabkin M;Martin-Villalba A
成体神经干细胞在胚胎阶段通过进入静止状态而产生，该静止状态允许它们保留到成年期，从而维持终身的脑内稳态。因此，静止和激活状态之间的紧密平衡有助于在给定的时间和位置以正确的数量满足大脑对特定细胞类型的需求。蛋白质合成是细胞内最消耗能量的过程，并且毫不奇怪，它在静止干细胞中以低速率发生。通过这种方式，静止细胞可以适应能量限制，避免过早耗尽。干细胞活化的特征在于蛋白质合成上调，随后是细胞分裂和分化。这种上调作为激活的原因或结果的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们总结了最近的研究结果连接干细胞激活蛋白质合成的调节，特别是集中在胚胎和成人的脑室区神经干细胞。
Adult neural stem cells are generated at embryonic stages by entering a quiescent state that allows their retention into adulthood and thereby maintenance of life-long brain homeostasis. Thus, a tight balance between the quiescence and activation state is instrumental to meet the brain demands for a specific cell type at the correct numbers, at a given time and position. Protein synthesis is the most energy-consuming process within the cell and, not surprisingly, it occurs at low rates in quiescent stem cells. This way quiescent cells adjust to energy constraints and avoid their premature depletion. Stem cell activation is characterized by upregulation of protein synthesis followed by cell division and differentiation. The role of such upregulation as causative or rather a consequence of the activation remains elusive. Here we summarize recent findings connecting stem cell activation to the regulation of protein synthesis, particularly focusing on embryonic and adult neural stem cells of the ventricular zone.