Blood pressure adaptation in vertebrates: comparative biology
Blood pressure adaptation in vertebrates: comparative biology
复制标题
脊椎动物的血压适应：比较生物学
DOI：
10.1016/j.kint.2022.03.032
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Suzuki Miwa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishiyama Akira;Kitada Kento;Suzuki Miwa
随着脊椎动物从水到陆地的进化，体液的渗透调节和心血管系统也在进化，以适应干燥和重力。虽然水生脊椎动物可以利用浮力来补偿重力的影响，但陆地脊椎动物不能也必须在全身循环血液——这可能导致心脏强壮和高血压的发展。这些变化可能与心血管系统的解剖进化和功能进化以及激素系统的改变有关。因此，在陆生动物的进化过程中，需要增强身体功能以适应更恶劣的环境，这就需要增加血压。在一个暴饮暴食和缺乏锻炼的时代，现代人并没有充分利用通过进化获得的高水平的身体机能。我们生活环境的剧烈变化导致高血压，其发病机制尚不清楚。为了在新环境中生存，比如外太空或水下，我们需要了解血压的变化是如何发生的，从而使脊椎动物能够通过进化适应环境。
With evolution from water to land, the osmotic regulation of body fluids and cardiovascular systems of vertebrates evolved to cope with dryness and gravity. While aquatic vertebrates can use buoyancy to compensate for the effects of gravity, terrestrial vertebrates cannot and must circulate blood throughout their body—a necessity that likely led to the development of strong hearts and high blood pressure. These changes may be supported by anatomic evolution of the cardiovascular system and by functional evolution, with alterations in hormonal systems. Thus, during the evolution of terrestrial animals, increased performance of body functions to endure harsher environments was required, necessitating increased blood pressure. In an age of overeating and insufficient exercise, modern man does not fully use the high levels of physical functions acquired through evolution. Drastic changes in our living environment cause hypertension, the pathogenesis of which remains unknown. To survive in new environments, as might be expected in outer space or underwater, an understanding is required of how changes in blood pressure have occurred that enabled adaptation through evolution in vertebrates.