Making End User Development More Natural
Making End User Development More Natural
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让最终用户开发更加自然
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-60291-2_1
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Toby Jia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Myers;Amy J. Ko;Christopher Scaffidi;Steve Oney;Youngseok Yoon;K. Chang;Mary Beth Kery;Toby Jia
当最终用户接近开发任务时，他们带来了一套技术、表达和知识，可以利用这些技术、表达和知识来简化过程。自然编程项目已经工作了二十多年，以更好地了解最终用户如何思考他们的任务，并为用户开发新的方式来表达这些任务，这些任务将更加“自然”，我们所说的更接近他们思考的方式。我们在上一本书中的章节涵盖了这项研究的前10年；这里我们总结最近的10年。这包括对阻碍EUD的障碍的研究，以及一个通过向开发人员展示他们的程序为什么有当前行为来帮助理解和调试障碍的新工具。我们还描述了我们创建的一个工具，用于帮助EUD在电子表格和网页环境中输入、处理和转换数据。交互设计者是一类可能需要编程交互行为的EUD，因此我们研究了他们如何自然地表达这些行为，然后构建了一个类似电子表格的工具，允许他们创作新的行为。我们创建的另一个电子表格工具可以帮助EUD在不编写代码的情况下访问Web服务数据，并扩展了熟悉的电子表格以支持分析获取的基于Web的分层数据和编程数据驱动的图形用户界面应用程序。最后，EUD经常需要进行探索性方案编制，而这些方案的目标和任务事先没有形成良好的形式。我们描述了帮助用户有选择地撤消过去操作的新工具，以及正在进行的研究，以帮助EUD在智能手机上创建更高效的行为，并在执行数据分析时促进变化。
When end users approach a development task, they bring with them a set of techniques, expressions, and knowledge, which can be leveraged in order to make the process easier. The Natural Programming Project has been working for over twenty years to better understand how end users think about their tasks, and to develop new ways for users to express those tasks that will be more “natural,” by which we mean closer to the way they think. Our chapter in the previous book covered the first 10 years of this research; and here we summarize the most recent 10 years. This includes studies on barriers that impede EUD, and a new tool that helps with the understanding and debugging barriers by showing developers why their program has its current behavior. We also describe a tool that we created to help EUDs input, process, and transform data in the context of spreadsheets and web pages. Interaction designers are a class of EUDs that may need to program interactive behaviors, so we studied how they naturally express those behaviors, and then built a spreadsheet-like tool to allow them to author new behaviors. Another spreadsheet tool we created helps EUDs access web service data without writing code, and extends the familiar spreadsheet to support analyzing the acquired web-based hierarchical data and programming data-driven GUI applications. Finally, EUDs often need to engage in exploratory programming, where the goals and tasks are not well-formed in advance. We describe new tools to help users selectively undo past actions, along with on-going research to help EUDs create more efficient behaviors on smartphones and facilitate variations when performing data analysis.