Measuring the Canada-U.S. Productivity Gap: Industry Dimensions
Measuring the Canada-U.S. Productivity Gap: Industry Dimensions
复制标题
衡量加拿大与美国的生产力差距：行业维度
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weimin Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Someshwar Rao;Jianmin Tang;Weimin Wang
加拿大经济政策的一个关键目标是缩小与美国的生产率差距。为实现这一目标而制定适当的政策，需要彻底了解差距的性质，包括其行业层面。不幸的是，统计机构目前还没有按行业对加拿大和美国的生产率差距进行估计。为了填补这一数据空白，加拿大工业部的索梅什瓦尔、唐健民和王伟民在第一篇文章中提出了1999年加拿大与美国29个行业的劳动生产率和全要素生产率差距的基准估计，并将行业估计追溯到1997年，并展望到2001年。他们报告说，2001年加拿大商业部门每小时的产出是美国水平的82%，全要素生产率是美国水平的87%。资本密集度较低是造成商业部门劳动生产率差距的大约30%的原因。在加拿大的四个主要部门中，有三个部门的劳动生产率水平低于美国，即制造业（80%）、服务业（81%）和第一产业（87%），而建筑业的劳动生产率水平则远高于美国（129%）。在制造业中，生产率差距最大的是电子和电气产品、金属制品以及机械和计算机。在服务部门中，金融、保险和真实的房地产以及信息和文化产业的生产率差距特别大。相比之下，加拿大一些自然资源行业的劳动生产率水平超过了美国的水平。
A key objective of economic policy in Canada is to reduce the productivity gap with the United States. The development of appropriate policies to attain this goal requires a thorough understanding of the nature of the gap, including its industry dimensions. Unfortunately, statistical agencies do not currently produce estimates of Canada-U.S. productivity gaps by industry. To fill this data lacuna, Someshwar Rao, Jianmin Tang, and Weimin Wang of Industry Canada in the first article present benchmark estimates of the Canada-U.S. labour productivity and total factor productvity gap for 29 industries for 1999 and extend the industry estimates back to 1997 and forward to 2001. They report that in 2001 output per hour in the business sector in Canada was 82 per cent and total factor productivity was 87 per cent of the U.S. level. Lower capital intensity was responsible for about 30 per cent of the business sector labour productivity gap. Three of four major sectors in Canada had a labour productivity level below its U.S. counterpart – manufacturing (80 per cent), the service sector (81 per cent), and primary industries (87 per cent) – while the level of labour producivity in the construction industry was well above that in the United States (129 per cent). Within manufacturing, the largest productivity gaps were found in electronic and electrical products, fabricated metal, and machinery and computers. Within the service sector, finance, insurance and real estate and information and cultural industries had particularly large productivity gaps. In contrast, labour productivity levels in a number of Canadian natural resource industries exceeded U.S. levels.