Leadership is associated with lower levels of stress
Leadership is associated with lower levels of stress
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1207042109
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发表时间：
2012-10-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Lerner, Jennifer S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sherman, Gary D.;Lee, Jooa J.;Lerner, Jennifer S.
随着领导者在团队中的地位越来越高，他们面临的要求也越来越高。因此，人们普遍认为，领导者的压力水平高于非领导者。然而，如果领导者也经历了一种高度的控制感--一种已知具有强大的压力缓冲效应的心理因素--那么领导力应该与压力水平的降低有关。通过对包括军官和政府官员在内的真实的领导者的独特样本进行研究，我们发现，与非领导者相比，领导者的应激激素皮质醇水平较低，焦虑报告也较少（研究1）。在第二项研究中，与权力较低的领导者相比，权力较高的领导者的皮质醇水平较低，焦虑程度也较低，这种关系可以通过他们更强的控制感来解释。总而言之，这些发现揭示了领导力和压力之间的明确关系，领导水平与压力呈负相关。
As leaders ascend to more powerful positions in their groups, they face ever-increasing demands. As a result, there is a common perception that leaders have higher stress levels than nonleaders. However, if leaders also experience a heightened sense of control-a psychological factor known to have powerful stress-buffering effects-leadership should be associated with reduced stress levels. Using unique samples of real leaders, including military officers and government officials, we found that, compared with nonleaders, leaders had lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol and lower reports of anxiety (study 1). In study 2, leaders holding more powerful positions exhibited lower cortisol levels and less anxiety than leaders holding less powerful positions, a relationship explained significantly by their greater sense of control. Altogether, these findings reveal a clear relationship between leadership and stress, with leadership level being inversely related to stress.