A critical transition in leaf evolution facilitated the Cretaceous angiosperm revolution.
A critical transition in leaf evolution facilitated the Cretaceous angiosperm revolution.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms2217
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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白垩纪阔叶(开花)被子植物物种的革命性崛起引发了全球生态向现代生物多样性的转变。尽管如此，被子植物辐射的机制仍然是个谜。我们的研究表明，在临界叶脉密度为2.5-5 mm mm−2时，被子植物水分的叶内(静脉后)运输路径长度缩短到叶内二氧化碳运输路径长度之后，被子植物的快速进化期开始缩短。数据和我们的模拟方法表明，超过这个临界叶脉密度是叶片进化的关键时刻，它使进化中的被子植物能够从气孔发育的叶片中获利，气孔越多越小，从相同失水中获得更高的碳回报。因此，超过临界叶脉密度可能有助于被子植物进化形成具有更高气体交换能力的叶片，以适应白垩纪二氧化碳的下降，并在冠层上部击败以前占优势的针叶树种。白垩纪开花被子植物的大量增加开始了向现代生物多样性的转变。这项研究表明，一旦水分的叶片内部运输路径长度短于二氧化碳的叶片内部运输路径长度，被子植物就有可能快速进化。
The revolutionary rise of broad-leaved (flowering) angiosperm plant species during the Cretaceous initiated a global ecological transformation towards modern biodiversity. Still, the mechanisms involved in this angiosperm radiation remain enigmatic. Here we show that the period of rapid angiosperm evolution initiated after the leaf interior (post venous) transport path length for water was reduced beyond the leaf interior transport path length for CO2 at a critical leaf vein density of 2.5–5 mm mm−2. Data and our modelling approaches indicate that surpassing this critical vein density was a pivotal moment in leaf evolution that enabled evolving angiosperms to profit from developing leaves with more and smaller stomata in terms of higher carbon returns from equal water loss. Surpassing the critical vein density may therefore have facilitated evolving angiosperms to develop leaves with higher gas exchange capacities required to adapt to the Cretaceous CO2 decline and outcompete previously dominant coniferous species in the upper canopy. The great increase in flowering angiosperm plants during the Cretaceous began the change towards modern biodiversity. This study shows that rapid angiosperm evolution was possible once the leaf interior transport path length for water became shorter than the leaf interior transport path length for carbon dioxide.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
FARQUHAR, GD;RASCHKE, K
通讯作者：
RASCHKE, K
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Berendse F;Scheffer M
通讯作者：
Scheffer M
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1203769109
发表时间：
2012-06-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
Zwieniecki, Maciej A.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
McAdam, Scott A. M.
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Franks, Peter J.;Farquhar, Graham D.
通讯作者：
Farquhar, Graham D.