Antibody Immunodominance: The Key to Understanding Influenza Virus Antigenic Drift
Antibody Immunodominance: The Key to Understanding Influenza Virus Antigenic Drift
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DOI：
10.1089/vim.2017.0129
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发表时间：
2018-01-22
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yewdell, Jonathan W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Altman, Meghan O.;Angeletti, Davide;Yewdell, Jonathan W.
甲型流感病毒(IAV)对人类造成巨大的社会经济负担。即使在最佳情况下，只有60%的人接种疫苗有效。困难源于IAV逃避现有免疫的非凡能力。IAV容易出错的聚合酶使两种病毒表面糖蛋白-神经氨酸酶和血凝素(HA)的抗原进化迅速。由于中和病毒感染性的最强抗体(Abs)直接指向HA的头部，该区域的氨基酸替换使IAV能够逃避基于Ab的免疫。在这里，我们回顾了免疫优势的最新进展，免疫优势是免疫系统以分层方式对外来免疫原做出反应的趋势，它如何塑造IAV的进化。
Influenza A virus (IAV) imposes a significant socioeconomic burden on humanity. Vaccination is effective in only 60% of individuals, even under optimal circumstances. The difficulty stems from the remarkable ability of IAV to evade existing immunity. IAV's error prone polymerase enables the rapid antigenic evolution of the two virion surface glycoproteins, neuraminidase and hemagglutinin (HA). Since the most potent antibodies (Abs) at neutralizing viral infectivity are directed the head of the HA, amino acid substitutions in this region enable IAV to evade Ab-based immunity. Here, we review recent progress in understanding how immunodominance, the tendency of the immune system to respond to foreign immunogens in a hierarchical manner, shapes IAV evolution.