Taxonomic turnover and abundance in Cretaceous to Tertiary wood floras of Antarctica: Implications for changes in forest ecology
Taxonomic turnover and abundance in Cretaceous to Tertiary wood floras of Antarctica: Implications for changes in forest ecology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.09.004
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发表时间：
2005-01-06
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Poole, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantrill, DJ;Poole, I
根据木材植物群的时间分布、丰度和分类组成，在南极半岛从白垩纪到早第三纪可识别出植被发展的四个阶段：（1）阿普特期到阿尔布期的群落，以罗汉松科、南洋杉科以及少量的杉科/柏科针叶树为主，伴有罕见的已灭绝裸子植物（萨尼奥克桑属）。（2）在？森诺曼期到桑托期，这些群落逐渐被被子植物取代，其中大多数被子植物没有现代类似物。（3）在白垩纪中晚期，被子植物的优势日益增加，在多样性和丰度方面都变得重要。（4）在坎帕期到马斯特里赫特期，植物群现代化，早期的植物种类灭绝，假山毛榉科出现，相关植物种类多样化。这些模式大致遵循叶片和孢粉记录中所见的趋势，但存在一些重要差异。在白垩纪，针叶树的组成发生变化，叶状枝杉型木材相对于较古老的罗汉松型木材有所增加。在古新世到始新世期间，木材类型发生显著灭绝，同时假山毛榉科木材的丰度增加。对马斯特里赫特期和古新世地层剖面中木材丰度和分布的详细研究表明，分类组成受到强烈的环境控制。在比较不同地理区域和古环境的同时代植物群时，也会遇到类似的差异。（C）2004爱思唯尔公司。保留所有权利。
Based on the temporal distribution, abundance, and taxonomic composition of wood floras, four phases of vegetation development are recognized through the Cretaceous to Early Tertiary of the Antarctic Peninsula: (1) Aptian to Albian communities dominated by podocarpaceous, araucarian, and minor taxodiaceous/cupressaceous conifers with rare extinct gymnosperms (Sahnioxylon). (2) Progressive replacement of these communities in ?Cenomanian to Santonian times by angiosperms, most without modem analogues. (3) Increasing dominance of angiosperms becoming important both in terms of diversity and abundance towards the mid-Late Cretaceous. (4) Modernization of the flora during the Campanian to Maastrichtian with the extinction of earlier forms, appearance of the Nothofagaceae and diversification of associated elements. These patterns broadly follow trends seen in the leaf and palynological record but with some important differences.During the Cretaceous, conifer composition undergoes a change whereby Phyllocladoxylon-type woods increase relative to the older Podocarpoxylon forms. During the Paleocene to Eocene period, a marked extinction in wood types occurs associated with an increase in the abundance of nothofagaceous wood. Detailed examination of wood abundance and distributions from sections within Maastrichtian and Paleocene formations points to strong environmental control on taxonomic compositions. Similar differences are encountered when comparing coeval floras from different geographic regions and palaeoenvironments. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.