The distribution and surface ultrastructure of airway epithelial cells in the rat lung: a scanning electron microscopic study.
The distribution and surface ultrastructure of airway epithelial cells in the rat lung: a scanning electron microscopic study.
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大鼠肺气道上皮细胞的分布和表面超微结构：扫描电子显微镜研究。
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发表时间：
1987
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通讯作者：
T. Souma
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作者：
T. Souma
通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）连续研究大鼠气道上皮细胞从气管到终末细支气管的精细结构和分布。根据细胞群的不同，气道可分为三个不同的区域：1）气管和肺外支气管； 2）肺内支气管（口径大于500微米）； 3) 细支气管（口径小于 500 微米）。从表面结构上，上皮细胞可分为纤毛细胞和非纤毛细胞，后者包括刷细胞、克拉拉细胞和其他非纤毛（分泌）细胞。 1.纤毛细胞。气管中的纤毛更长、更粗、数量更多；它们的长度、厚度和数量向周边减小。 2. 刷细胞。它们的气管和肺外支气管中有薄的微绒毛（厚度为 0.2 微米），末端呈圆形。在细支气管中，它们具有厚的微绒毛（厚度为 0.3 微米），突然以直角边缘结束。刷细胞分布稀疏但相当均匀，并且易于聚集成两个或多个细胞。 3.克拉拉细胞。它们的顶端细胞质呈圆顶状或乳头状肿胀，并具有一些微绒毛。 Clara 细胞分布在细支气管中，并且已经可以在靠近支气管分叉进入细支气管的一定距离处发现。 4.其他非纤毛（分泌）细胞。它们的顶端细胞质似乎包含紧邻细胞表面下方的分泌颗粒。它们经常聚集在气管和肺外支气管中，倾向于形成与气管或支气管软骨支撑的部位相对应的大区域。在气管或支气管腺体中发现了多个孔口，其长轴与气管或支气管轴平行。有时，肺内支气管的分支点附近会出现圆顶形隆起。被认为是支气管相关淋巴组织（BALT）。
The fine structure and distribution of the epithelial cells of the airway in the rat were studied continuously from the trachea to terminal bronchioles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The airway could be divided into three different regions according to cell population: 1) the trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi; 2) intrapulmonary bronchi (larger than 500 microns in caliber); and 3) bronchioles (smaller than 500 microns in caliber). From their surface structures, the epithelial cells could be classified into ciliated and non-ciliated cells, the latter including brush cells, Clara cells and other non-ciliated (secretory) cells. 1. Ciliated cells. The cilia are longer, thicker and more numerous in the trachea; they decrease in length, thickness and number toward the periphery. 2. Brush cells. They possess thin microvilli (0.2 micron in thickness) in the trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi, with a rounded end. In the bronchioles they possess thick microvilli (0.3 micron in thickness) abruptly ending in a right angle edge. The brush cells are distributed sparsely but rather uniformly, and apt to be grouped in two or more cells. 3. Clara cells. Their apical cytoplasm shows a domed or papillary swelling and possesses a few microvilli. The Clara cells are distributed in the bronchioles and can already be found some distance proximal to the bronchial furcations into bronchioles. 4. Other non-ciliated (secretory) cells. Their apical cytoplasm seems to contain secretory granules immediately beneath the cell surface. They often gather in groups in the trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi, tending to form large areas corresponding to sites supported by tracheal or bronchial cartilage. There were found several orifices in tracheal or bronchial glands whose long axes paralleled the tracheal or bronchial axes. Dome-shaped elevations sometimes appear near the branching points of the intrapulmonary bronchi. There were regarded as bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT).