HIV-1 incidence among opiate users in northern Thailand.
HIV-1 incidence among opiate users in northern Thailand.
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泰国北部鸦片使用者的 HIV-1 发病率。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009852
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Jittiwutikarn,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Celentano,DD;Hodge,MJ;Razak,MH;Beyrer,C;Kawichai,S;Cegielski,JP;Nelson,KE;Jittiwutikarn,J
1993年10月至1995年9月期间，在泰国北方唯一的住院药物治疗计划中，对436例多次入院的阿片类药物使用者中人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）感染的发病率进行了回顾性队列研究。在323.4人-年的随访中，60名戒毒患者获得了HIV-1感染，粗发病率为18.6/100人-年（95%置信区间14.4-23.9）。所有血清转换者均为男性。HIV-1的发病率因当前的给药途径而异：注射者为31.3/100人-年，非注射者为2.8/100人-年（吸烟和摄入）。按种族划分存在显著差异：泰国低地人的艾滋病毒-1发病率为每100人年29.3例，山地部落为每100人年8.5例。多变量相对风险估计表明，注射阿片类药物（与通过其他途径使用相比）、未婚、年龄在40岁以下、是泰国低地人、受过小学和中学教育以及受雇于商业部门，每一个都与人体免疫缺陷病毒血清转化独立相关。这一HIV-1发病率是曼谷报告的两倍，表明需要在泰国全境扩大针对吸毒者的预防和控制方案。为了对付泰国北方阿片类药物使用者中的HIV-1流行病，需要改进更有效治疗方案的可获得性和增加获得无菌注射设备的机会。Am J Epidemiol 1999;149：558-64。
The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among opiate users was determined in a retrospective cohort of 436 patients with multiple admissions to the only inpatient drug treatment program in northern Thailand between October 1993 and September 1995. During 323.4 person-years of follow-up, 60 patients presenting for detoxification acquired HIV-1 infection, for a crude incidence rate of 18.6 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 14.4–23.9). All seroconverters were male. HIV-1 incidence varied by the current route of drug administration: 31.3 per 100 person-years for injectors and 2.8 per 100 person-years for noninjectors (smoking and ingestion). Significant differences were found by ethnicity: HIV-1 incidence was 29.3 per 100 person-years for Thai lowlanders and 8.5 per 100 person-years for hilltribes. Multivariate relative risk estimates showed that injecting opiates (vs. use by other routes), being unmarried, being under age 40 years, being a Thai lowlander, having a primary and secondary education, and being employed in the business sector were each independently associated with human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion. This HIV-1 incidence rate is double that reported for Bangkok and suggests that prevention and control programs for drug users need to be expanded throughout Thailand. Improved availability of more-effective treatment regimens and increased access to sterile injection equipment are needed to confront the HIV-1 epidemic among opiate users in northern Thailand.Am J Epidemiol1999;149:558–64.