Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa: Exploring AIDS and other constraints Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa
Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa: Exploring AIDS and other constraints Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa
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南部非洲年轻人的创收活动：探讨艾滋病和其他限制因素 南部非洲年轻人的创收活动
DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-4959.2010.00381.x
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
HAJDU F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAJDU F
本文报告了在马拉维和莱索托对农村青年(10-24岁)进行的一项研究，重点是他们学习技能以及获得资本和资产从事创收活动(IGA)的机会。参与式小组练习和个人访谈提供了许多关于年轻人如何学习技能和创办小企业的例子，以及对他们参与这些生计选择的战略思维的洞察。各种因素，包括艾滋病的影响，都被证明会影响年轻人成功创业的前景。年轻人非常热衷于创办IGAs，并得到社区成年成员的支持，要求干预措施来帮助他们。我们认为，扩大职业和商业培训，侧重于当地适合的类型和规模的企业，再加上帮助筹集启动资金，有可能提高贫困和/或受艾滋病影响的年轻人在未来获得可持续农村生计的机会。由于艾滋病与影响青年生计的许多其他问题交织在一起，因此只针对受艾滋病影响的青年采取技能培养和政府间行动方案的干预措施是有问题的。还探讨了政策制定者对马拉维和莱索托的职业技能培训和对政府间机构的支持的态度，并提出了支持弱势农村青年努力建立可持续生计的政策建议。
This paper reports on a study with rural young people (aged 10–24 years) in Malawi and Lesotho, focusing on their opportunities to learn skills and access capital and assets to engage in income‐generating activities (IGAs). Participatory group exercises and individual interviews provide many examples of how young people learn skills and start small businesses, as well as an insight into their strategic thinking about engaging in these livelihood options. Various factors, including the effects of AIDS, are shown to affect young people's prospects of succeeding in their ventures. Young people are very keen on starting IGAs, and are supported by adult members of their communities in asking for interventions to help them. We argue that expanded vocational and business training, focusing on locally appropriate types and scale of businesses, coupled with help to raise start‐up capital has the potential to improve the chances of young people who are poor and/or AIDS‐affected securing sustainable rural livelihoods in their futures. Since AIDS is intertwined with many other issues affecting young people's livelihoods, it is problematic to single out and target only AIDS‐affected young people with interventions on skills building and IGAs. Policymakers' attitudes to vocational skills training and support for IGAs in Malawi and Lesotho are also explored, and policy recommendations made to support vulnerable rural young people in their attempts to build sustainable livelihoods.