Land Use Type Significantly Affects Microbial Gene Transcription in Soil
Land Use Type Significantly Affects Microbial Gene Transcription in Soil
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-014-0377-6
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Heiko Nacke;C. Fischer;A. Thürmer;P. Meinicke;R. Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heiko Nacke;C. Fischer;A. Thürmer;P. Meinicke;R. Daniel
土壤微生物在维持土壤地球化学过程和不同土地利用类型的养分循环中起着至关重要的作用。为了深入了解森林和草原土壤中微生物的基因转录，我们从32个采样点分离了mRNA。在对生成的互补DNA（cDNA）进行测序后，可以进一步分析总共5，824，229个序列。我们能够将非核糖体cDNA序列分配给生命的所有三个领域。结果表明，森林土壤中芳香族化合物降解菌的相对丰度显著高于草原土壤，其中苯杆菌属（Phenylobacterium）和伯克霍尔德氏菌属（Burkholderia）等芳香族化合物降解菌的相对丰度显著高于草原土壤。因此，与含芳环分子（例如，苯甲酸盐降解）在森林土壤衍生的元转录组数据集中以高丰度被鉴定。土地利用类型林对群落组成和活动的影响在很大程度上显然是由于木材分解产物的存在。相应地，已知参与木质素降解并含有木质素降解基因的细菌群，如伯克霍尔德氏菌、慢生根瘤菌和固氮菌，在森林土壤中表现出增加的转录活性。在草原较高的太阳辐射可能会导致增加光合作用相关基因的转录在这种土地利用类型。这与草原光合生物和植物感染病毒的高丰度是一致的。
Soil microorganisms play an essential role in sustaining biogeochemical processes and cycling of nutrients across different land use types. To gain insights into microbial gene transcription in forest and grassland soil, we isolated mRNA from 32 sampling sites. After sequencing of generated complementary DNA (cDNA), a total of 5,824,229 sequences could be further analyzed. We were able to assign nonribosomal cDNA sequences to all three domains of life. A dominance of bacterial sequences, which were affiliated to 25 different phyla, was found. Bacterial groups capable of aromatic compound degradation such asPhenylobacteriumandBurkholderiawere detected in significantly higher relative abundance in forest soil than in grassland soil. Accordingly, KEGG pathway categories related to degradation of aromatic ring-containing molecules (e.g., benzoate degradation) were identified in high abundance within forest soil-derived metatranscriptomic datasets. The impact of land use type forest on community composition and activity is evidently to a high degree caused by the presence of wood breakdown products. Correspondingly, bacterial groups known to be involved in lignin degradation and containing ligninolytic genes such asBurkholderia,Bradyrhizobium, andAzospirillumexhibited increased transcriptional activity in forest soil. Higher solar radiation in grassland presumably induced increased transcription of photosynthesis-related genes within this land use type. This is in accordance with high abundance of photosynthetic organisms and plant-infecting viruses in grassland.