Digital Technology for Building Capacity of Nonspecialist Health Workers for Task Sharing and Scaling Up Mental Health Care Globally
Digital Technology for Building Capacity of Nonspecialist Health Workers for Task Sharing and Scaling Up Mental Health Care Globally
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DOI：
10.1097/hrp.0000000000000217
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Patel, Vikram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naslund, John A.;Shidhaye, Rahul;Patel, Vikram
劳动力短缺是提供足够的精神卫生保健和扩大服务以解决全球治疗缺口的主要障碍。越来越多的证据表明，让非专科卫生工作者，如社区卫生工作者、非专业卫生工作者、助产士或护士，在初级保健环境中为常见精神障碍提供简短的心理社会治疗，具有临床有效性。随着世界各地对数字技术的获取和使用的迅速增加，利用这些新兴的数字技术来支持非专科卫生工作者和提高精神卫生工作人员的能力提供了新的机会。这篇观点文章考虑了数字技术在支持非专业卫生工作者提供循证精神卫生保健方面的潜力。具体地说，通过对学术文献的搜索，我们从不同的中低收入国家(印度、巴基斯坦、津巴布韦、秘鲁、中国和尼日利亚)的初级保健环境中发现了七个有希望的例子，在这些国家中，数字平台正在被用于支持各种非专科医生提供的精神卫生保健服务，方法是提供培训、提供用于诊断的数字工具、指导治疗、促进监督和整合服务。我们总结了这些例子，并讨论了未来利用数字技术支持训练有素、有效和可持续的精神卫生工作人员发展的机会。我们还考虑了利用这些技术在低资源环境下将精神卫生保健整合到现有卫生系统中的潜力。
Workforce shortages pose major obstacles to delivering adequate mental health care and scaling up services to address the global treatment gap. Mounting evidence demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of having nonspecialist health workers, such as community health workers, lay health workers, midwives, or nurses, deliver brief psychosocial treatments for common mental disorders in primary care settings. With rapidly increasing access to, and use of, digital technology worldwide, new opportunities are available to leverage these emerging digital technologies to support nonspecialist health workers and increase mental health workforce capacity. This Perspectives article considers the potential that digital technology holds for supporting nonspecialist health workers in delivering evidence-based mental health care. Specifically, from our search of the academic literature, we identified seven promising examples from primary care settings in different low- and middle-income countries (India, Pakistan, Zimbabwe, Peru, China, and Nigeria) where digital platforms are being used to support delivery of mental health care from a variety of nonspecialist providers by offering training, providing digital tools for diagnosis, guiding treatment, facilitating supervision, and integrating services. We summarize these examples and discuss future opportunities to use digital technology for supporting the development of a trained, effective, and sustainable mental health workforce. We also consider the potential to leverage these technologies for integrating mental health care into existing health systems in low-resource settings.