Outgrowing childhood problems: A study of the value of child guidance treatment 1
Outgrowing childhood problems: A study of the value of child guidance treatment 1
复制标题
逐渐消除的儿童问题：儿童指导治疗价值的研究 1
DOI：
10.1080/00377314209512795
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发表时间：
1942
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
J. Keller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Witmer;J. Keller
在一项更早的研究中，雪莉、鲍姆和波尔斯基的研究标题与这一研究几乎相同，他们表明，许多儿童长大后会克服他们被送到儿童指导诊所的问题，并能很好地适应社会。他们将这部分归因于正常的成长过程，尽管他们发现环境和情感关系的因素也很重要。后一种因素的影响尤其体现在他们所研究的一些孩子随着年龄的增长而变得不那么适应环境。正常成长、环境和情感关系的相对影响，他们并没有试图去衡量，但是一些成长能力变化的迹象（也就是说，一个人发展和成熟的内在能力）间接地被他们所研究的大约40%的临床病人中发生的适应水平的变化（有利或不利）所暗示。雪莉、鲍姆和波尔斯基的研究是在伍斯特儿童指导诊所进行的，涉及两组患者：35名被诊所工作人员认为治疗成功，50名被认为治疗失败。这两组病人——它们是一个更大的研究的一部分，多年来一直吸引着诊所的工作人员的注意力——在1928年至1933年间在诊所接受治疗，并在1939年或1940年接受随访。后续访问显示，60%的成功治疗的儿童仍然成功地适应，23%的儿童表现出一些问题，17%的儿童确实不适应。在结案未得到改善的案件中，56%的案件仍处于这种状态，20%的案件有所改善，16%的案件在访问时正在成功地进行调整。在治疗成功的儿童中，有五分之三的人仍然成功，而在治疗失败的儿童中，有一半多一点的人仍然不成功。在这两组中，超过一半的人在随访中保持了相同的水平
In an earlier study, under much the same title as this one, Shirley, Baum, and Polsky2 showed that many children outgrow the problems for which they are referred to child guidance clinics and become socially well adjusted. This they attributed in part to the normal growth process, although they found the factors of environment and emotional relationships also very important. The influence of these latter factors was especially indicated by the fact that some of the children whom they studied became less well adjusted as they grew older. The relative influence of normal growth, environment, and emotional relationships they did not attempt to measure but some indication of varying capacity for growth (that is, the inherent capacity of an individual to develop and mature) was indirectly suggested by the fact that change in level of adjustment—favorable or unfavorable—occurred in about forty per cent of the clinic patients they studied.Shirley, Baum, and Polsky's study was made at the Worcester Child Guidance Clinic and concerned two groups of patients: thirtyfive that were regarded by the clinic staff as successfully treated and fifty whose treatment was regarded as a failure. These two series of patients—which formed part of a much larger study that has engaged the clinic staff's attention for some years—had been treated by the clinic between 1928 and 1933 and were followed in 1939 or 1940. The follow-up visits revealed that sixty per cent of successfully treated children remained successfully adjusted, twenty-three per cent were displaying some problems, and seventeen per cent were definitely maladjusted. Of the cases closed as unimproved fifty-six per cent remained in that status, twenty per cent had improved, and sixteen per cent were adjusting successfully at the time they were visited. Three-fifths of the children who were successfully treated remained successful, while a little over one half of the children who were unsuccessfully treated remained unsuccessful. In both groups, then, somewhat more than half retained at follow-up the same level of