Transgenerational consequences of PTSD: risk factors for the mental health of children whose mothers have been exposed to the Rwandan genocide
Transgenerational consequences of PTSD: risk factors for the mental health of children whose mothers have been exposed to the Rwandan genocide
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DOI：
10.1186/1752-4458-8-12
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Elbert, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roth, Maria;Neuner, Frank;Elbert, Thomas
背景资料：了解父母的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）如何可能会或可能不会影响后代的发育和心理健康在冲突地区尤为重要，因为与创伤有关的疾病是地方病。在卢旺达，有组织的暴行和1994年对图西族的种族灭绝使相当一部分人口患有慢性创伤后应激障碍。本调查的目的是建立母亲的创伤后应激障碍是否与抑郁症，焦虑，侵略性和反社会行为在他们的children.Methods的症状：125卢旺达的母亲经历了1994年的种族灭绝和他们的12岁的孩子的社区样本进行了采访。使用结构化访谈，母亲的创伤后应激障碍和儿童的抑郁症，焦虑，侵略性和反社会行为的症状进行了评估，由训练有素的和现场监督的本地B。A.心理学家访谈还包括一个详细的清单的事件类型相关的家庭violence.Results：在显示母亲的创伤后应激障碍是不相关的儿童的精神病理学，结果相矛盾的假设直“跨代创伤传递”。相反，儿童暴露于母亲的家庭暴力构成了负面心理健康结果的一个重要风险因素。此外，这不是母亲的创伤后应激障碍症状，但母亲的暴露于家庭暴力在她自己的童年，是与逆境的程度，一个孩子的经验，在home.Conclusions：相反的一个简单的模型的跨代传递的创伤，无论是母亲的创伤后应激障碍，也没有母亲的创伤经历与症状的焦虑，抑郁，或反社会和攻击性行为的儿童。相反，目前的研究结果表明，父母养育子女的做法和儿童的心理健康之间的关系。此外，研究报告详细说明了“暴力循环”，表明母亲对儿童的暴力行为与母亲童年遭受虐待之间存在着重要联系。
Background: Understanding how parental Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may or may not affect the development and mental health in the offspring is particularly important in conflict regions, where trauma-related illness is endemic. In Rwanda, organised atrocities and the genocide against the Tutsi of 1994 have left a significant fraction of the population with chronic PTSD. The aim of the present investigation was to establish whether PTSD in mothers is associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and aggressive and antisocial behaviour in their children.Methods: A community sample of 125 Rwandan mothers who experienced the genocide of 1994 and their 12-year-old children were interviewed. Using a structured interview, symptoms of maternal PTSD and children's depression, anxiety, and aggressive and antisocial behaviour were assessed by trained and on-site supervised local B. A. psychologists. The interview also included a detailed checklist of event types related to family violence.Results: In showing that a maternal PTSD was not associated with child's psychopathology, the results contradict the assumption of straight "trans-generational trauma transmission". Instead, a child's exposure to maternal family violence posed a significant risk factor for a negative mental health outcome. Furthermore, it was not maternal PTSD-symptoms but mother's exposure to family violence during her own childhood that was associated with the magnitude of adversities that a child experiences at home.Conclusions: Contrary to a simple model of a trans-generational transmission of trauma, neither maternal PTSD nor maternal traumatic experiences were directly associated with symptoms of anxiety, depression, or antisocial and aggressive behaviour in the children. Instead, the present results suggest a relationship between parental child rearing practices and children's mental health. Furthermore, the study details the "cycle of violence", showing a significant link between maternal violence against a child and its mother's experience of childhood maltreatment.