Measurement bias in caregiver-report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO-wide diverse sample.
Measurement bias in caregiver-report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO-wide diverse sample.
复制标题
在 ECHO 范围内的多样化样本中，不同人口因素的儿童早期行为问题的照顾者报告中存在测量偏差。
作者：
Zheng,Shuting;Mansolf,Maxwell;McGrath,Monica;Churchill,MarieL;Bekelman,TraciA;Brennan,PatriciaA;Margolis,AmyE;Nozadi,SaraS;Bastain,TheresaM;Elliott,AmyJ;LeWinn,KajaZ;Hofheimer,JulieA;Leve,LeslieD;Rennie,Brandon;Zimmer
背景研究和临床实践在很大程度上依赖于照顾者报告的措施，如儿童行为检查表1.5-5(CBCL/1.5-5)，以收集有关儿童早期行为问题的信息，并筛查儿童精神病理学。虽然研究表明人口统计学变量影响照顾者对行为问题的评级，但CBCL/1.5-5在不同样本中在项目水平上的同等作用程度尚不清楚。方法CBCL/1.5-5项目水平的数据来自大样本幼儿(N=99087)，来自环境对儿童健康结果的影响项目。采用因素分析和对齐方法检验儿童(年龄、性别、双语状态和神经发育障碍)和照顾者(性别、教育水平、家庭收入水平、抑郁症和语言版本)的测量不变性(MI)和差异项目功能(DIF)。对儿童种族进行敏感性分析。结果在儿童和照顾者分组中，DIF影响最大的是内在性、外部性和总问题。除DIF较高的项目外，稳健项目集具有较好的信度，与原有的内化和总问题量表具有较高的相关性，但外化信度较低。CBCL管理的语言版本、受教育程度和被调查者的性别对MI的影响最显著，其次是儿童年龄。敏感度分析表明，儿童种族对DIF的影响高于社会经济地位。结论CBCL/1.5-5儿童早期行为问题的照顾者报告量表在人口统计学上存在偏见。具有较少DIF的健壮项目集可以同等地测量内化和总问题以及完整的项目集，但外部化的可靠性略低，并且可以交叉遍历到完整项目集的度量，从而能够基于更健壮的项目集来计算归一化T分数。
BackgroundResearch and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver‐report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5 (CBCL/1.5‐5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology. While studies have shown that demographic variables influence caregiver ratings of behavior problems, the extent to which the CBCL/1.5‐5 functions equivalently at the item level across diverse samples is unknown.MethodsItem‐level data of CBCL/1.5‐5 from a large sample of young children (N= 9087) were drawn from 26 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program. Factor analyses and the alignment method were applied to examine measurement invariance (MI) and differential item functioning (DIF) across child (age, sex, bilingual status, and neurodevelopmental disorders), and caregiver (sex, education level, household income level, depression, and language version administered) characteristics. Child race was examined in sensitivity analyses.ResultsItems with the most impactful DIF across child and caregiver groupings were identified for Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems. The robust item sets, excluding the high DIF items, showed good reliability and high correlation with the original Internalizing and Total Problems scales, with lower reliability for Externalizing. Language version of CBCL administration, education level and sex of the caregiver respondent showed the most significant impact on MI, followed by child age. Sensitivity analyses revealed that child race has a unique impact on DIF over and above socioeconomic status.ConclusionsThe CBCL/1.5‐5, a caregiver‐report measure of early childhood behavior problems, showed bias across demographic groups. Robust item sets with less DIF can measure Internalizing and Total Problems equally as well as the full item sets, with slightly lower reliability for Externalizing, and can be crosswalked to the metric of the full item set, enabling calculation of normed T scores based on more robust item sets.