The little big genome: the organization of mitochondrial DNA.
The little big genome: the organization of mitochondrial DNA.
复制标题
小基因组：线粒体DNA的组织。
DOI：
10.2741/4511
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gilkerson R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia I;Jones E;Ramos M;Innis-Whitehouse W;Gilkerson R
小的（16，569个碱基对）人类线粒体基因组在细胞代谢和稳态中起着重要作用。线粒体DNA（mtDNA）有助于生成氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）所必需的复合物。因此，mtDNA直接整合到线粒体生物发生和信号传导中，并与核编码的线粒体因子一起调节线粒体代谢。线粒体是一个高度动态的，多形态的网络，经历裂变和融合事件。在这个网络中，mtDNA被包装成称为类核的结构，这些结构活跃地分布在网络中的离散焦点中。这种敏感的细胞器经常被氧化剂和炎性细胞因子等损伤破坏，并经历双链和单链断裂的基因组损伤，从而损害其功能。总的来说，mtDNA正在成为细胞应激的高度敏感的指标，它直接整合到线粒体网络中，作为广泛的关键信号通路的贡献者。
The small (16,569 base pair) human mitochondrial genome plays a significant role in cell metabolism and homeostasis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contributes to the generation of complexes which are essential to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). As such, mtDNA is directly integrated into mitochondrial biogenesis and signaling and regulates mitochondrial metabolism in concert with nuclear-encoded mitochondrial factors. Mitochondria are a highly dynamic, pleiomorphic network that undergoes fission and fusion events. Within this network, mtDNAs are packaged into structures called nucleoids which are actively distributed in discrete foci within the network. This sensitive organelle is frequently disrupted by insults such as oxidants and inflammatory cytokines, and undergoes genomic damage with double- and single-strand breaks that impair its function. Collectively, mtDNA is emerging as a highly sensitive indicator of cellular stress, which is directly integrated into the mitochondrial network as a contributor of a wide range of critical signaling pathways.