Listening Effort in Younger and Older Adults: A Comparison of Auditory-Only and Auditory-Visual Presentations.
Listening Effort in Younger and Older Adults: A Comparison of Auditory-Only and Auditory-Visual Presentations.
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年轻人和老年人的听力努力：纯听觉和听觉视觉呈现的比较。
DOI：
10.1097/aud.0000000000000322
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Phelps,Damian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sommers,MitchellS;Phelps,Damian
本研究的一个目标是确定是否提供年轻人和老年人的视觉语音信息（无论是看到和听到说话者相比，单独听）将减少听力努力理解语音噪声。此外，我们使用了个体差异的方法来评估听力努力的变化是否与视觉增强的变化有关，即从单纯听力（A-only）到听力-视觉条件（AV）条件下的言语理解的改善。为了比较在A-只有和AV模式的单词识别，年轻人和老年人确定的话，在A-只有和AV条件下，在存在六个谈话者的牙牙学语。听力努力进行了评估，使用一个修改版本的系列回忆任务。参与者听到（A-只）或看到和听到（AV）一个说话者在没有背景噪音的情况下产生单独的单词。列表呈现被随机停止，然后要求参与者重复最后三个单词。听力努力进行了评估，使用召回性能在两个和三个背部的立场。年轻的，但不是老年人，成年人表现出减少听力努力的索引更大的回忆，在两个和三个回的立场，为AV相比，只有A介绍。对于年轻人，但不是老年人，从A-只有AV条件的性能变化与视觉增强中度相关。结果进行了讨论，在一个有限的资源模型，只有A和AV语音感知。
One goal of the present study was to establish whether providing younger and older adults with visual speech information (both seeing and hearing a talker compared with listening alone) would reduce listening effort for understanding speech in noise. In addition, we used an individual differences approach to assess whether changes in listening effort were related to changes in visual enhancement—the improvement in speech understanding in going from an auditory-only (A-only) to an auditory-visual condition (AV) condition. To compare word recognition in A-only and AV modalities, younger and older adults identified words in both A-only and AV conditions in the presence of six-talker babble. Listening effort was assessed using a modified version of a serial recall task. Participants heard (A-only) or saw and heard (AV) a talker producing individual words without background noise. List presentation was stopped randomly and participants were then asked to repeat the last three words that were presented. Listening effort was assessed using recall performance in the two-and three-back positions. Younger, but not older, adults exhibited reduced listening effort as indexed by greater recall in the two-and three-back positions for the AV compared with the A-only presentations. For younger, but not older adults, changes in performance from the A-only to the AV condition were moderately correlated with visual enhancement. Results are discussed within a limited-resource model of both A-only and AV speech perception.