Predicting bird phenology from space: satellite-derived vegetation green-up signal uncovers spatial variation in phenological synchrony between birds and their environment.
Predicting bird phenology from space: satellite-derived vegetation green-up signal uncovers spatial variation in phenological synchrony between birds and their environment.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.1745
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sheldon BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole EF;Long PR;Zelazowski P;Szulkin M;Sheldon BC
山雀种属（Parus spp.）跟踪其毛虫食物来源的变化物候提供了一个模型系统，允许推断种群如何适应不断变化的气候，但往往是有限的，因为他们隐含地假设所有个体都经历类似的环境。生态学家越来越多地使用卫星数据来量化动物环境的各个方面，但到目前为止，研究物候学的研究通常是在大空间尺度上进行的。如果我们要了解种群内生殖物候的生态和进化过程，考虑个体经历环境的规模可能是关键。在这里，我们使用时间序列的卫星图像，分辨率为240米，量化植被绿色的空间变化为385公顷的混合落叶林地。使用跨越13年的数据，我们证明了冬季蛾幼虫（Operophtera brumata）高峰丰度的时间以及大山雀（Parus major）和蓝山雀（Cyanistes caeruleus）产卵时间的年度人口水平测量与卫星衍生的春季植被物候有关。我们继续表明，当地植被绿色的时间显着解释了种群内山雀生殖物候的个体差异，鸟类和植被物候之间的同步程度在整个林地中表现出显着的空间变化。高密度橡树（Quercus robur）和榛（Corylus avellana）地区的遥感植被物候与这两个物种的生殖物候之间表现出最强的匹配。不同营养级的物候匹配程度的显著种群内变化表明，在探索物候匹配的原因和后果时，应更多地关注小规模过程。我们讨论了如何使用遥感数据来研究种群内的变化，可以扩大规模和范围的研究探索生物体及其环境之间的物候同步。
Population‐level studies of how tit species (Parus spp.) track the changing phenology of their caterpillar food source have provided a model system allowing inference into how populations can adjust to changing climates, but are often limited because they implicitly assume all individuals experience similar environments. Ecologists are increasingly using satellite‐derived data to quantify aspects of animals' environments, but so far studies examining phenology have generally done so at large spatial scales. Considering the scale at which individuals experience their environment is likely to be key if we are to understand the ecological and evolutionary processes acting on reproductive phenology within populations. Here, we use time series of satellite images, with a resolution of 240 m, to quantify spatial variation in vegetation green‐up for a 385‐ha mixed‐deciduous woodland. Using data spanning 13 years, we demonstrate that annual population‐level measures of the timing of peak abundance of winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata) and the timing of egg laying in great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) is related to satellite‐derived spring vegetation phenology. We go on to show that timing of local vegetation green‐up significantly explained individual differences in tit reproductive phenology within the population, and that the degree of synchrony between bird and vegetation phenology showed marked spatial variation across the woodland. Areas of high oak tree (Quercus robur) and hazel (Corylus avellana) density showed the strongest match between remote‐sensed vegetation phenology and reproductive phenology in both species. Marked within‐population variation in the extent to which phenology of different trophic levels match suggests that more attention should be given to small‐scale processes when exploring the causes and consequences of phenological matching. We discuss how use of remotely sensed data to study within‐population variation could broaden the scale and scope of studies exploring phenological synchrony between organisms and their environment.