Construction work and risk of occupational disability: a ten year follow up of 14 474 male workers
Construction work and risk of occupational disability: a ten year follow up of 14 474 male workers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/oem.2004.018135
复制
发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Brenner, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arndt, V;Rothenbacher, D;Brenner, H
目的：大多数工业化国家都有公共收入维持计划，以保护残疾工人，但针对特定职业群体残疾风险的研究很少。本研究的目的是建立建筑工人职业残疾的性质和程度的详细模式。方法：选取德国符腾堡州14474名25 ~ 64岁的建筑行业男性工人为研究对象，于1986 ~ 1992年间进行职业健康检查。该队列与体力工人养恤金保险机构的区域养恤金登记册相联系，以确定在10年随访期间获得残疾养恤金的工人。全因和特定原因标准化发病率（SIR）和95%置信区间（CI）以德国普通劳动力和所有蓝领工人的致残率为参考计算。结果：共有2247名（16%）队列成员获得了残疾养恤金。残疾的主要原因是肌肉骨骼疾病（45%）和心血管疾病（19%）。与一般劳动力相比，建筑工人因癌症（SIR=1.26; 95% CI 1.08至1.47）、呼吸系统疾病（SIR=1.27; 95% CI 1.03至1.55）、肌肉骨骼疾病（SIR=2.16; 95% CI 2.03至2.30）、伤害/中毒（SIR=2.52; 95% CI 2.06至3.05）和所有原因（SIR=1.47; 95% CI 1.41至1.53）而致残的风险更高。与蓝领参照组相比，建筑工人的残疾风险增加的原因包括肌肉骨骼疾病（SIR=1.53; 95% CI 1.44至1.63）、伤害/中毒（SIR=1.83; 95% CI 1.50至2.21）和所有原因（SIR=1.11; 95% CI 1.07至1.16）。结论：肌肉骨骼疾病和外因是制约建筑工人劳动能力的主要因素，是导致建筑工人职业残疾比例上升的主要原因。
Aims: Most industrialised countries have public income maintenance programmes to protect workers in case of disability but studies addressing disability risk of specific professional groups are rare. The objective of this study was to establish a detailed pattern of the nature and extent of occupational disability among construction workers.Methods: A cohort study was set up including 14474 male workers from the construction industry in Wurttemberg (Germany) aged 25-64 years who underwent occupational health exams between 1986 and 1992. The cohort was linked to the regional pension register of the manual workers' pension insurance institution to identify workers who were granted a disability pension during the 10 year follow up. All-cause and cause specific standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using disability rates from the general workforce and from all blue collar workers in Germany as references.Results: In total, 2247 (16%) members of the cohort were granted a disability pension. Major causes of disability were musculoskeletal (45%) and cardiovascular diseases (19%). In comparison with the general workforce, construction workers experienced a higher risk of disability from cancer (SIR=1.26; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.47), respiratory diseases (SIR=1.27; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.55), musculoskeletal diseases (SIR=2.16; 95% CI 2.03 to 2.30), injuries/poisoning (SIR=2.52; 95% CI 2.06 to 3.05), and all causes combined (SIR=1.47; 95% CI 1.41 to 1.53). When compared with the blue collar reference group, increased risks of disability among construction workers were found for musculoskeletal diseases (SIR=1.53; 95% CI 1.44 to 1.63), injury/poisoning (SIR=1.83; 95% CI 1.50 to 2.21), and all causes combined (SIR=1.11; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.16).Conclusions: Musculoskeletal diseases and external causes are major factors limiting the work capability of construction workers and lead to an increased proportion of occupational disability.