Tobacco Control in the United States-Recent Progress and Opportunities
Tobacco Control in the United States-Recent Progress and Opportunities
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.20037
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Ward, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cokkinides, Vilma;Bandi, Priti;Ward, Elizabeth
有效的烟草控制工作使美国的烟草使用和与烟草有关的癌症死亡人数大幅下降。1991年至2003年间，男性肺癌死亡人数减少了近40%，这可归因于上半个世纪吸烟人数的减少。尽管如此，烟草使用仍然是美国疾病和过早死亡的最大单一可预防原因。每年，吸烟和接触二手烟导致近50万人过早死亡，其中近三分之一是由于癌症。在上一份报告中，我们描述了青年和成人吸烟的流行率和模式，并讨论了在全面烟草控制方面证明有效的政策措施。在本报告中，我们更新了青年和成人吸烟流行率的趋势。我们发现，虽然成年人吸烟率总体上有所下降，但吸烟的社会经济梯度在种族和民族亚组中仍然存在。此外，我们描述了烟草控制战略在国家，州和社区层面的传播。虽然最近的发展，如食品和药物管理局（FDA）的烟草产品的监管，为烟草控制带来了希望，但仍然需要更广泛地传播可持续资助的国家和州烟草控制综合计划。CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59：352-365.（C）2009年美国癌症协会，Inc.
Effective tobacco control efforts have resulted in substantial declines in tobacco use and tobacco-related cancer deaths in the United States. Nearly 40% of reductions in male lung cancer deaths between 1991 and 2003 can be attributed to smoking declines in the last half century. Nevertheless, tobacco use still remains the single, largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. Each year, smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke result in nearly half a million premature deaths of which nearly one-third are due to cancer. In a previous report, we described youth and adult smoking prevalence and patterns and discussed policy measures that had proven effective in comprehensive tobacco control. In this report, we update trends in youth and adult smoking prevalence. We find that while adult smoking prevalence has declined overall, socioeconomic gradients in smoking still persist within race and ethnic subgroups. In addition, we describe the diffusion of tobacco-control strategies at the national, state, and community level. Although recent developments, such as the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) regulation of tobacco products, hold promise for tobacco control, there continues to be a need for broader dissemination of sustainably funded comprehensive national and state tobacco-control programs. CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59:352-365. (C)2009 American Cancer Society, Inc.