High impact running improves learning
High impact running improves learning
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2006.11.003
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Knecht, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Winter, Bernward;Breitenstein, Caterina;Knecht, Stefan
定期的体育锻炼可以改善认知功能，降低与年龄相关的认知能力下降的风险。由于对潜在机制的性质和时间知之甚少，我们探讨了运动是否对认知也有直接的有益影响。在随机交叉设计中，27名健康受试者在高冲击无氧短跑、低冲击有氧跑步或休息一段时间后直接评估学习表现。因变量包括学习速度以及在获得新词汇方面的即时（1周）和长期（>8个月）总体成功。在干预前后以及学习后，对脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和儿茶酚胺（多巴胺、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素）的外周水平进行了评估。我们发现，与其他两种情况相比，剧烈体育锻炼后的词汇学习速度快了20%。这种情况也引起了BDNF和儿茶酚胺水平的最强增加。在剧烈运动后的学习过程中，更持久的BDNF水平与更好的短期学习成功有关，而绝对多巴胺和肾上腺素水平与更好的中期（多巴胺）和长期（肾上腺素）保留新词汇有关。因此，脑源性神经营养因子和两种儿茶酚胺似乎是体育锻炼改善学习的介质。(C)2006 Elsevier Inc，保留所有权利。
Regular physical exercise improves cognitive functions and lowers the risk for age-related cognitive decline. Since little is known about the nature and the timing of the underlying mechanisms, we probed whether exercise also has immediate beneficial effects on cognition. Learning performance was assessed directly after high impact anaerobic sprints, low impact aerobic running, or a period of rest in 27 healthy subjects in a randomized cross-over design. Dependent variables comprised learning speed as well as immediate (1 week) and long-term (>8 months) overall success in acquiring a novel vocabulary. Peripheral levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and catecholamines (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine) were assessed prior to and after the interventions as well as after learning. We found that vocabulary learning was 20 percent faster after intense physical exercise as compared to the other two conditions. This condition also elicited the strongest increases in BDNF and catecholamine levels. More sustained BDNF levels during learning after intense exercise were related to better short-term learning success, whereas absolute dopamine and epinephrine levels were related to better intermediate (dopamine) and long-term (epinephrine) retentions of the novel vocabulary. Thus, BDNF and two of the catecholamines seem to be mediators by which physical exercise improves learning. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc, All rights reserved.