Cannabinoids in Parkinson's Disease.
Cannabinoids in Parkinson's Disease.
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DOI：
10.1089/can.2017.0002
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Iezzi E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stampanoni Bassi M;Sancesario A;Morace R;Centonze D;Iezzi E
内源性大麻素系统在许多生理过程中起调节作用，并在不同的病理条件下被发现发生改变，包括运动障碍。大麻素和多巴胺在基底神经节中的相互作用非常复杂，涉及其他神经递质（γ-氨基丁酸，谷氨酸，阿片样物质，肽）的调节和不同受体亚型（大麻素受体1型和2型）的激活。在过去的几年里，实验研究丰富了大麻素和其他受体系统（瞬时受体电位香草素1型阳离子通道、腺苷受体、5-羟色胺受体）之间的相互作用。这些改进的知识，为大麻素与其他信号通路之间的生化相互作用提供了新的解释，可能有助于开发新的药理策略。在不同的实验性帕金森病（PD）模型中进行的一些临床前研究表明，调节大麻素系统可能有助于治疗一些运动症状。尽管以大麻素为基础的新药物已被提出用于帕金森病的运动和非运动症状，但到目前为止，临床研究结果仍存在争议和不确定性。需要进一步的临床研究，包括更大的患者样本，适当的分子靶点和特定的临床结果测量，以阐明基于大麻素的治疗的有效性。
The endocannabinoid system plays a regulatory role in a number of physiological processes and has been found altered in different pathological conditions, including movement disorders. The interactions between cannabinoids and dopamine in the basal ganglia are remarkably complex and involve both the modulation of other neurotransmitters (γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, opioids, peptides) and the activation of different receptors subtypes (cannabinoid receptor type 1 and 2). In the last years, experimental studies contributed to enrich this scenario reporting interactions between cannabinoids and other receptor systems (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 cation channel, adenosine receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors). The improved knowledge, adding new interpretation on the biochemical interaction between cannabinoids and other signaling pathways, may contribute to develop new pharmacological strategies. A number of preclinical studies in different experimental Parkinson's disease (PD) models demonstrated that modulating the cannabinoid system may be useful to treat some motor symptoms. Despite new cannabinoid-based medicines have been proposed for motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD, so far, results from clinical studies are controversial and inconclusive. Further clinical studies involving larger samples of patients, appropriate molecular targets, and specific clinical outcome measures are needed to clarify the effectiveness of cannabinoid-based therapies.