Central nervous system regeneration in ascidians: cell migration and differentiation
Central nervous system regeneration in ascidians: cell migration and differentiation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00441-022-03677-y
复制
发表时间：
2022-09-06
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Monteiro-de-Barros, Cintia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Abreu, Isadora Santos;Ribas Wajsenzon, Ines Julia;Monteiro-de-Barros, Cintia
成年海鞘具有再生中枢神经系统(CNS)的能力，因此是研究神经再生的极佳模型。未分化的血细胞参与成人神经再生的可能性值得研究。我们分析了皱瘤海鞘血细胞的迁移、循环和在神经再生中的作用。取出血细胞，与超顺磁性纳米氧化铁(Spion)孵育，这些Spion标记的血细胞被注射回动物体内(自体移植)，然后用神经毒素3-乙酰吡啶(3AP)进行神经变性。磁共振成像显示，损伤后1、5和10天，血细胞迁移到肠道、虹吸管和中枢神经系统。免疫组织化学显示，迁移到中枢神经系统的血细胞可能是干细胞(P元素诱导的弱睾丸或PIWI+细胞)。在神经节皮质，迁移的血细胞在损伤后5天开始失去PIWI标记，10天后开始显示β-III微管蛋白标记。然而，在神经腺中，血细胞在整个实验期间保持未分化。透射电子显微镜显示神经腺中的区域具有神经源性壁龛的特征，这在以前的腹水动物中没有报道。这些结果表明，血细胞向造血组织和3AP神经变性区域的迁移是神经再生复杂机制的中心。
Adult ascidians have the capacity to regenerate the central nervous system (CNS) and are therefore excellent models for studies on neuroregeneration. The possibility that undifferentiated blood cells are involved in adult neuroregeneration merits investigation. We analyzed the migration, circulation, and role of hemocytes of the ascidian Styela plicata in neuroregeneration. Hemocytes were removed and incubated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), and these SPION-labeled hemocytes were injected back into the animals (autologous transplant), followed by neurodegeneration with the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine (3AP). Magnetic resonance imaging showed that 1, 5, and 10 days after injury, hemocytes migrated to the intestinal region, siphons, and CNS. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the hemocytes that migrated to the CNS were putative stem cells (P-element-induced wimpy testis + or PIWI + cells). In the cortex of the neural ganglion, migrated hemocytes started to lose their PIWI labeling 5 days after injury, and 10 days later started to show beta-III tubulin labeling. In the neural gland, however, the hemocytes remained undifferentiated during the entire experimental period. Transmission electron microscopy revealed regions in the neural gland with characteristics of neurogenic niches, not previously reported in ascidians. These results showed that migration of hemocytes to the hematopoietic tissue and to the 3AP-neurodegenerated region is central to the complex mechanism of neuroregeneration.