Generation of hydrothermal megaplumes by cooling of pillow basalts at mid-ocean ridges
Generation of hydrothermal megaplumes by cooling of pillow basalts at mid-ocean ridges
复制标题
通过冷却大洋中脊的枕状玄武岩产生热液巨型羽流
作者：
M. Palmer;G. Ernst
热液巨型羽流是位于海底1 000米以上的大量异常温暖的水，似乎是在大洋中脊产生的。自1986年发现以来，关于它们的起源一直存在相当大的争论。一个理论模型被用来证明，枕状玄武岩的冷却是形成巨型羽流的原因，枕状玄武岩在1,200摄氏度的温度下喷发到海水中，是海底火山活动最常见的形式。
Hydrothermal megaplumes are huge volumes of anomalously warm water that are located up to 1,000 metres above the sea floor and appear to be generated at mid-ocean ridges. Since their discovery in 1986, there has been considerable debate concerning their origin. A theoretical model is used to argue that the cooling of pillow basalts, which are erupted at ∼1,200 °C into sea water and are the most common form of submarine volcanic activity, is responsible for the megaplume formation.