Linkages between the Genesis and Resource Potential of Ferromanganese Deposits in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans
Linkages between the Genesis and Resource Potential of Ferromanganese Deposits in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans
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DOI：
10.3390/min8050197
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Roberts, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Menendez, Amaya;James, Rachael;Roberts, Steve
除铁和锰外，深海铁锰矿床（包括结核和结壳）还含有大量具有经济价值的金属，例如钴 (Co)、镍 (Ni)、铜 (Cu) 以及稀土元素和钇 (REY)。其中一些金属对于新兴和新一代绿色技术的开发至关重要。然而，这些矿床的资源潜力是可变的，并且可能与它们形成时的环境条件有关。为了更好地评估环境控制对铁锰矿床资源潜力的影响，我们对来自不同海洋区域的铁锰结核和一个地壳样本的化学成分进行了详细研究。北大西洋结核和南太平洋地壳的结构和化学特征表明，它们从氢源中获取金属。这些矿床可能是 Co 和 REY 的重要经济来源。另一方面，来自太平洋的结核代表了这些金属的边际资源，因为它们由成岩降水引起的相对较快的生长速度。相比之下，它们的镍和铜浓度相对较高。北冰洋结核的特点是存在大量碎屑硅酸盐物质，这大大减少了其金属资源。
In addition to iron and manganese, deep sea ferromanganese deposits, including nodules and crusts, contain significant amounts of economically interesting metals, such as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and rare Earth elements and yttrium (REY). Some of these metals are essential in the development of emerging and new-generation green technologies. However, the resource potential of these deposits is variable, and likely related to environmental conditions that prevail as they form. To better assess the environmental controls on the resource potential of ferromanganese deposits, we have undertaken a detailed study of the chemical composition of ferromanganese nodules and one crust sample from different oceanic regions. Textural and chemical characteristics of nodules from the North Atlantic and a crust from the South Pacific suggest that they acquire metals from a hydrogenous source. These deposits are potentially an economically important source of Co and the REY. On the other hand, nodules from the Pacific Ocean represent a marginal resource of these metals, due to their relatively fast growth rate caused by diagenetic precipitation. By contrast, they have relatively high concentrations of Ni and Cu. A nodule from the Arctic Ocean is characterised by the presence of significant quantities of detrital silicate material, which significantly reduces their metal resource.