Incipient Fault Detection for Air Brake System of High-Speed Trains
Incipient Fault Detection for Air Brake System of High-Speed Trains
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DOI：
10.1109/tcst.2020.3027673
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Jianxue Sang;Tianxu Guo;Junfeng Zhang;Donghua Zhou;Maoyin Chen;Xiuhua Tai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianxue Sang;Tianxu Guo;Junfeng Zhang;Donghua Zhou;Maoyin Chen;Xiuhua Tai
理想的空气制动系统是提供准确的制动压力，以保证高速列车的正常制动性能。针对我国高速列车，采用单变量监测策略，对空气制动系统各制动缸的状态分别进行监测。在实际应用中，这种策略对大幅度故障是有效的，但对各种小幅度的早期故障总是无效的。由于空气制动系统固有的非平稳性和多模态特性，传统的检测方法难以应用。本文针对空气制动系统中的传感器偏差故障、泄漏故障和制动缸部件故障三种早期故障，提出了新的检测策略。从空气制动系统实测数据的特点出发，选取了一致性较高的变量。然后，进行线性数据变换以获得近似平稳的属性，并将多个模式下的所有数据映射到一个紧致域中。此外，故障信号比（FSR）建议，以反映建议的检测统计量的故障的灵敏度。特别地，多级控制限和滑动窗口策略被集成到检测统计量中，这分别有效地降低了控制限和增强了对噪声的鲁棒性。最后，在制动试验台上进行了实验，验证了所提策略的有效性。
The ideal air brake system is to provide accurate brake pressures, which ensures the normal braking performance of high-speed trains. For the high-speed trains in China, a univariate monitoring strategy has been adopted to monitor the state of each brake cylinder of the air brake system separately. In practice, this kind of strategy is effective for faults with large amplitude, but it is always ineffective for all kinds of incipient faults with small amplitude. Due to nonstationary and multimode properties inherent in air brake systems, conventional detection methods are difficult to be used. In this article, we develop novel detection strategies for three kinds of incipient faults in the air brake systems, including sensor deviation fault, leakage fault, and brake cylinder component fault. Starting from the characteristics of actual data from air brake systems, some variables with high level of consistency are selected. Then, a linear data transformation is conducted to obtain approximate stationary properties, and all the data in multiple modes are mapped into a compact domain. In addition, a fault-to-signal ratio (FSR) is proposed to reflect the sensitivity of the proposed detection statistic to the fault. In particular, the multistage control limits and sliding window strategies are integrated into the detection statistic, which effectively lowers the control limits and enhances robustness to noise, respectively. Finally, experiments on the braking test platform are provided to show the effectiveness of our proposed strategies.